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- W1969445454 abstract "Progesterone is a relatively recent discovery, its 50th anniversary falling in 1984. Butenandt and Westphal reported that when they first isolated it in 1934, the ovaries of 50000 sows were required to obtain approximately 20 mg of pure corpus luteum hormone [l]. Since that time, research has made great progress. Progesterone (P), the natural hormone, binds to its specific receptors to induce specific progestational effects. Apart from its own binding properties, P is able to interfere with the binding sites of other steroids. The natural hormone consequently exhibits both anti-oestrogenic and anti-androgenic activity, while also exerting anti-mineralocorticoid effects [2-41. For many years progesterone could not be used in clinical applications because of its rapid inactivation by the liver after oral administration. Different types of orally active progestogens, derived from progesterone, 17a-hydroxyprogesterone or 19-nortesterone have since been synthesised. The latter derivatives have to be converted to norethisterone (NET) to act at the target level. However, it must be kept in mind that all the progestogens available on the market differ from the natural hormone. While they mimic some of its actions through the progesterone receptor, they also exert other effects according to the molecule from which they derive and their capacity to bind to other steroid receptors. The majority of synthetic progestogens are orally active and possess substituted groups that aid bio-availability by delaying metabolism [5]. They are absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract with considerable individual variations. Some of them bind to plasma proteins and are then metabolised and excreted in urine, bile and faeces [5]. Some progestogens (1Pnorsteroids and estrane derivatives) interact with the androgen receptor and can produce androgenic effects. At the same time, they exert strong antigonadotrophic activity and also have the greatest anti-oestrogenic effect [2]. Other molecules (pregnane derivatives) can inhibit or potentiate the action of" @default.
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- W1969445454 date "1986-07-01" @default.
- W1969445454 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W1969445454 title "Progestogen treatment in post-menopausal women" @default.
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- W1969445454 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5122(86)90015-0" @default.
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