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• W2589774360 abstract "The study investigates the scope of and mechanisms behind policy convergence between organizations representing stakeholder interests within the Bologna Process. The organizations in focus are recognised as representatives of interests of higher education institutions (EUA and EURASHE), students (ESU), quality assurance agencies (ENQA), academic staff (EI-ETUC) and employers (BusinessEurope), evidenced in their consultative status in the Bologna Follow Up Group (BFUG), the key decision making structure within the Bologna Process. Over the last 15 years these six organizations have, in various ways and to a varying degree, participated in conferences, seminars, projects and consultations on the European level focusing on various aspects of higher education. At the same time, in different ways, these organizations have also provided a variety of services to their members, including representing their views expressed as organizations common policies towards European institutions, but also providing training, information and opportunities for networking and social learning.Following Gornitzka (1999); and Hall (1993), policy convergence is operationalized in a three-step manner: (1) convergence of problems and objectives the organizations focus on, (2) convergence of specific policy preferences concerning said problems and objectives, and (3) convergence of the normative basis of policy preferences identified in step 2. The first step essentially analyses to what extent there has been an increasing similarity of issues the six organizations focus on. The second step takes this further to analyse whether there has been increasing similarity of policy preferences on these common issues, while the third step focuses whether there is increasing similarity in how the organizations legitimize and argue for these policy preferences. From the first to the third step, the extent to which policies of stakeholder organizations are becoming similar increases; the shift in normative basis, i.e. change of ideology which may lead to convergence of normative basis of policies comprises the highest, paradigmatic level of policy change (Hall 1993), and therefore of policy convergence as well.Concerning mechanisms of policy convergence, two accounts will be tested. Both have two points of departure: (1) there is structuration of organizational fields which leads to isomorphism, i.e. “homogeneity in structure, culture, and output” (DiMaggio and Powell 1983, emphasis added) and (2) policies of European or national organizations can be considered as indications of their culture and their key outputs, warranting the link between organizational isomorphism and policy convergence (see also Ashworth et al. 2009). The two accounts differ in where they see the structuration primarily taking place. The first assumes that the Bologna Process lead to the structuration of a European higher education organizational field, while the second account focuses more on the constituents of these stakeholder organizations and assumes that the convergence of views actually takes place on the national and/or local level between universities, students, staff etc. (due to structuration of national higher education organizational fields). In the latter case, through internal policy processes, increasingly similar views are uploaded to the European level, i.e. become evident in the official policies of the European stakeholder organizations.The empirical basis consists of (1) approx. 150 policy documents developed by the six European stakeholder organizations over the course of 15 years and (2) policy documents of corresponding national stakeholder organizations in several European countries to be chosen based on the analysis of part (1). Following the three-step operationalization of convergence, a three-step quantitative content analysis of both sets of documents will be conducted Countries selected to test the second theoretical account (part 2 of the empirical basis) will be chosen to reflect diversity concerning issues for which convergence on the European level has been identified in part 1 of the analysis." @default.
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• W2589774360 date "2015-01-01" @default.
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• W2589774360 title "Measures and mechanisms of interest groups’ policy convergence: the case of European Higher Education Area" @default.
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