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- W2912649567 abstract "Purpose: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe, often lethal viral disease in humans caused by the arbovirus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). It is mainly transmitted to humans and animals by Ixodid ticks of the genus Hyalomma. The epidemiological situation regarding CCHFV in livestock is important for assessing the potential risk of exposure of the human population to this virus. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted to study potential risk factors for CCHFV infections in livestock animals of the region Balochistan, Pakistan. Blood samples were collected from 1600 sheep and goats in Quetta, Sibi and Zhob divisions of Balochistan from July to September 2016. Farm and animal-related information was collected in interviews using a standardized questionnaire. Pools containing five serum samples each were tested for CCHFV genome fragments by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). For serological analysis, two indirect CCHFV-IgG-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) were used. In case of divergent results, an adapted commercial immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was also performed. Results: RT-qPCR identified 8 (5%, CI: 2%-10%) out of 160 sheep serum pools positive for the CCHFV genome fragments, while all goat serum pools (0%) were negative in this assay. In the serological analysis, 149 (19%, CI: 16%-21%) out of 800 sheep serum samples and 37 (5%, CI: 3%-6%) out of 800 goat serum samples were positive for CCHFV-specific IgG antibodies. The open type of housing (OR = 3.76, CI: 1.57-9.56, p = 0.003), grazing (OR = 4.18, CI: 1.79-10.37, p = 0.001), presence of vegetation in/around the farm (OR = 3.13, CI: 1.07-10.15, p = 0.043), lack of treatment against ticks (OR = 3.31, CI: 1.16-10.21, p = 0.029), absence of rural poultry (OR = 2.93, CI: 1.41-6.29, p-value = 0.004), sheep with age > 2 years (OR = 2.72, CI: 1.36-6.22, p = 0.008), sheep infested with ticks (OR = 2.11, CI: 1.38-3.29, p < 0.001), and goats infested with ticks (OR = 2.68, CI: 1.23-6.72, p = 0.02) were identified as statistically significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of CCHFV infections in livestock. Conclusion: Risk factors identified in this study might elevate the probability of CCHFV infection in livestock. Humans who are in close contact with these animals may consequently also at a higher risk of infection with this virus." @default.
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- W2912649567 date "2019-02-01" @default.
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- W2912649567 title "Risk factors for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection in Livestock in Pakistan" @default.
- W2912649567 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.335" @default.
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