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• W3124183213 abstract "Abstract. Increased anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen (N) to thebiosphere during the last few decades have resulted in increased groundwater andsurface water concentrations of N (primarily as nitrate), posing a globalproblem. Although measures have been implemented to reduce N inputs, theyhave not always led to decreasing riverine nitrate concentrations and loads.This limited response to the measures can either be caused by theaccumulation of organic N in the soils (biogeochemical legacy) – or by longtravel times (TTs) of inorganic N to the streams (hydrological legacy).Here, we compare atmospheric and agricultural N inputs with long-termobservations (1970–2016) of riverine nitrate concentrations and loads in acentral German mesoscale catchment with three nested subcatchmentsof increasing agricultural land use. Based on a data-drivenapproach, we assess jointly the N budget and the effective TTs of N throughthe soil and groundwater compartments. In combination with long-termtrajectories of the C – Q relationships, we evaluate the potential for andthe characteristics of an N legacy. We show that in the 40-year-long observation period, the catchment (270 km 2 ) with 60 % agricultural area received an N input of53 437 t, while it exported 6592 t, indicating an overall retention of88 %. Removal of N by denitrification could not sufficiently explain thisimbalance. Log-normal travel time distributions (TTDs) that link the N inputhistory to the riverine export differed seasonally, with modes spanning7–22 years and the mean TTs being systematically shorter during the high-flow season as compared to low-flow conditions. Systematic shifts in the C – Q relationships were noticed over time that could be attributed to strongchanges in N inputs resulting from agricultural intensification before 1989,the break-down of East German agriculture after 1989 and theseasonal differences in TTs. A chemostatic export regime of nitrate was onlyfound after several years of stabilized N inputs. The changes in C – Q relationships suggest a dominance of the hydrological N legacy over thebiogeochemical N fixation in the soils, as we expected to observe a strongerand even increasing dampening of the riverine N concentrations aftersustained high N inputs. Our analyses reveal an imbalance between N inputand output, long time-lags and a lack of significant denitrification in thecatchment. All these suggest that catchment management needs to addressboth a longer-term reduction of N inputs and shorter-term mitigation oftoday's high N loads. The latter may be covered by interventions triggeringdenitrification, such as hedgerows around agricultural fields, riparianbuffers zones or constructed wetlands. Further joint analyses of N budgetsand TTs covering a higher variety of catchments will provide a deeper insight into N trajectories and their controlling parameters." @default.
• W3124183213 created "2021-02-01" @default.
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• W3124183213 date "2019-04-01" @default.
• W3124183213 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W3124183213 title "Trajectories of nitrate input and output in three nested catchments along a land use gradient" @default.
• W3124183213 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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