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• W333652005 abstract "Truth is a matter of the imagination. --Ursula K. Le Guin, The Left Hand of Darkness Even a poet cannot get everything right. --Ursula K. Le Guin, Lavinia Over the course of her nearly fifty-year writing career, ursula k. Le Guin has given considerable thought to what it is that makes a person moral. For Le Guin, as many philosophers and behavioral psychologists, morality is an evolving developmental process. In Lavinia, her retelling of the last six books of The Aeneid, Le Guin examines the moral development of Lavinia, a king's daughter living in early Roman times, but rather than writing history or mythology, Le Guin is most interested in the development of self-awareness, imagination, voice, and values--what moral psychologists like Carol Gilligan and Mary Field Belenky see as the basis of moral development. Like the Pirandello play, Six Characters in Search of an Author, Lavinia is an exercise in non-linear story-telling, a postmodern meta-fiction that delves into the larger questions defining existence and creativity. Lavinia's moral development is a process of personal reinvention achieved partially through mystical dream conversation Vergil, the poet who created her, and partially through interaction others in her life. Imagination is essential to Lavinia's development. Individuals need to have imagination in order to understand others as well as to make sensible life choices. When Lavinia, late in life, tells her story, she creates a fictional structure for factual events, always an act of imagination. In her essay Fact and/or/Plus Fiction, Le Guin quotes W. S. Di Piero on the nature of memory: Remembering is an act of imagination. Any account we make of our experience is an exercise in the self. Even when we think we're accurately reporting past events, persons, objects, places, and their sequence, we're the self and its world (129-30). Le Guin explains that she finds the terms reinventing the self and theatricalizing to be interesting. Who did the original invention? she asks. the implication that of an eternal self-invention? Is reality unimportant? Furthermore, calling something theatrical loads it with connotations of exaggeration and emotional falsehood (Fact 130). Here, Le Guin implies that behavior should be an act of performance that is not emotionally false but emotionally true. Through imagination and self-awareness, individuals develop an idea of who they want to be and learn through trial and error to act that way. Throughout the novel, Lavinia's clearly developed inner voice guides her through turmoil in making well-reasoned, emotionally balanced decisions that eventually earn her the social respect of a woman who deserves to be queen. Like other Le Guin characters such as Ged and Tenar from the Earthsea series and Shevek from The Dispossessed, Lavinia rethinks and reframes her life in ways that are more in line her values as she matures. For Le Guin, those values have been deeply influenced by Taoism and second-wave feminism. Taoism provides insight and a framework for moral decision-making while the work of second-wave feminist researchers like Gilligan and Belenky provides insight into how women develop the internal voices that are necessary for making moral choices. Le Guin provides contrast for Lavinia's moral decisions by showing the moral reasoning of Amata, Lavinia's mother, and Aeneas, Lavinia's husband. In keeping Le Guin's understanding of Taoism, although there is unexplained mystery, no gods come out of the clouds to argue and ultimately make all the important decisions. Individuals alone are responsible for the outcomes of their actions. With Lavinia (and also Aeneas), Le Guin makes it clear that moral maturity hinges on accepting responsibility for the painful consequences of difficult moral choices. In doing so, Le Guin explodes some of the historically stereotyped characterizations of women whose passive literary personalities are reduced to something only slightly higher than plot device. …" @default.
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• W333652005 date "2009-03-22" @default.
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• W333652005 title "Lavinia: A Woman Reinvents Herself in Fact And/or Fiction" @default.
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