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- W4238482110 endingPage "166" @default.
- W4238482110 startingPage "141" @default.
- W4238482110 abstract "JIGNESHKUMAR PATEL, RAVI R. PATHAK, and SHIRAZ MUJTABAINTRODUCTIONDNA methylation and lysine modifications comprise major epigenetic processes on chromatin, which alter nucleosomal architecture leading to gene activation or repression [1-3]. Dynamic post-translational modifications (PTMs) occurring in the proximity of a gene promoter are one of the hallmarks of epigenetic regulation of gene expression [4]. Although an individual lysine residue may undergo mutually exclusive multiple PTMs, including acetylation, methylation, neddylation, ubiquitination and sumoylation, multiple lysines of a single protein can undergo diverse modifications [5,6]. Functionally, these site-specific PTMs, which are established during transcriptional programming, impart flexibility to regulate cellular processes in response to diverse physiological and external stimuli. PTMs impact functional capabilities of a protein, thus validating the notion that biological complexities are not restricted only by the number of genes [7]. To elucidate the functional consequences of a single PTM or combinatorial PTMs occurring on chromatin, the histone code hypothesis proposes to integrate the gene regulatory ability of a site-specific histone modification within its biological context [8,9]. In quintessence, a site-specific PTM serves as a mark to recruit a chromatin-associated protein complex(es) that participates in controlling gene activity, thereby, regulating cell fate decisions [10]. For instance, within chromatin, depending on the site and degree of the modification, lysine methylation can cause either gene activation or repression; lysine acetylation on histonesis associated with chromatin relaxation contributing to gene activation; and the biochemical outcome of lysine ubiquitination or sumoylation is dynamic turnover of proteins. In addition, although the role of methylation in modulating non-histone proteins, including transcription factor activity, is only beginning to be understood, acetylation of transcription factors can affect their DNA-binding ability, stability, nuclear translocation and capacity to activate target genes [7,11]." @default.
- W4238482110 created "2022-05-12" @default.
- W4238482110 date "2013-11-25" @default.
- W4238482110 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W4238482110 title "The Biology of Lysine Acetylation Integrates Transcriptional Programming and Metabolism" @default.
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