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- W4319317785 abstract "<strong class=journal-contentHeaderColor>Abstract.</strong> The volatilization of ammonia (NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span>) from fertilizer application and livestock wastes is an overwhelmingly important pathway of nitrogen losses in agricultural ecosystems and constitutes the largest source of atmospheric NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span>. The volatilization of NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> highly depends on environmental and meteorological conditions, however, this phenomenon is poorly described in current emission inventory and atmospheric models. Here, we develop a dynamic NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> emission model capable of calculating the NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> emission rate interactively with temporal- and spatial-varying meteorological and soil conditions. The NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> flux parameterization relies on several meteorological factors and anthropogenic activity including fertilizer application, livestock waste, traffic, residential, and industrial sectors. The model is then embedded into a regional WRFâChem model and is evaluated against field measurements of NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> concentrations, emission flux, and satellite retrievals of column loading. The evaluation shows a substantial improvement in the model performance of NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> flux and ambient concentration in China. The model represents the spatial and temporal variations of ambient NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> concentration well, indicating the highest emission in the North China Plain (NCP) and Sichuan Basin, especially during summertime. Compared with normal simulations using fixed emission inventory input, this model features superior capability in simulating NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> emission flux and concentration during drastic weather changes like frontal activities and precipitation. Such advances in emission quantification also improve the model performance of secondary inorganic aerosol on synoptic scales. While more laboratory and field measurements are still needed for better parameterization of NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> volatilization, the seamless coupling of soil emission with meteorology provides a better understanding of NH<span class=inline-formula><sub>3</sub></span> emission evolution and its contribution to atmospheric chemistry." @default.
- W4319317785 created "2023-02-08" @default.
- W4319317785 creator A5080977361 @default.
- W4319317785 date "2023-02-06" @default.
- W4319317785 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W4319317785 title "Reply on RC2" @default.
- W4319317785 doi "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2022-231-ac3" @default.
- W4319317785 hasPublicationYear "2023" @default.
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