FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in climatepub4-kg for { ?s <http://example.org/ontology/definition> ?o ?g. }

• 01a709b7-1a80-4e11-bfb7-c6d7c08c29f3 definition "GLERL's (Great Lakes Environmental Research Lab) mission is to conduct high-quality research and provide scientific leadership on important issues in both Great Lakes and marine coastal environments leading to new knowledge, tools, approaches, awareness and services." @default.
• 01a84bc1-a571-4d23-b57f-1b04fd9542a6 definition "A long narrow channel of water that flows as a function of gravity and elevation across the Earth's surface. Many streams empty into lakes, seas or oceans." @default.
• 01a888c4-d51b-40b5-9cc9-fcb82d022ab3 definition "The libraries on the Ohio State University Columbus Campus--University Libraries, the Moritz Law Library, and the Prior Health Sciences Library--have a combined collection size of nearly 5.7 million volumes and regularly receive approximately 43,000 serial titles. A more complete statistical profile, an organization chart, a variety of administrative reports, and presentations of the Director of Libraries are available. University Libraries consists of the Main Library and a number of department libraries and other specialized collections. University Libraries is also a member of OhioLINK, a statewide library and information network linking the major academic and community college libraries in Ohio, plus the State Library. The Main Library provides materials and services related to the humanities and social and political sciences. The collection includes major reference materials, government documents and some special collections. The department libraries support the course work and research of faculty, graduate students and upper-division undergraduate students in various fields of study. There are collections in agriculture, art, life and physical sciences, economics, education, engineering, home economics, journalism, medicine, music, psychology, pharmacy, social work, and more. Each library provides access to the Libraries' online catalog/circulation system (OSCAR), as well as to indexes, abstracts, and bibliographies pertinent to their subject areas. Librarians familiar with the subject areas and expert in associated research techniques are available for consultation. Website: 'http://library.osu.edu/sites/about/' [Summary provided by Ohio State University.]" @default.
• 01a9d00c-2371-413d-967d-eadd13997630 definition "The goal of the PALEOMAP Project is to illustrate the plate tectonic development of the ocean basins and continents, as well as the changing distribution of land and sea during the past 1100 million years. Website: 'http://www.scotese.com/' [Summary provided by Christopher R. Scotese]" @default.
• 01a9de18-14fc-4f38-a433-221d64829e0b definition "Short Title: BTF Proposal URL: http://classic.ipy.org/development/eoi/proposal-details.php?id=214 Polar environments are changing rapidly. Resulting impacts on terrestrial/freshwater ecosystems affect a) higher trophic levels and resources for Arctic residents, b) biodiversity in both polar regions and beyond due to the migration of many species, and c) land-atmosphere processes through changes in surface reflectivity and exchange of trace gases. Polar lands are vast and diverse and the knowledge of geographical variation in recent ecosystem change is limited. Attribution of change is difficult because the primary drivers vary from site to site and between the poles: at some sites multiple drivers of change (e.g. climate, UV-B, contaminants, habitat fragmentation) operate concurrently. Between 1964 and 1974, a network of IBP* Tundra Biome sites was established in both polar areas. Intensive investigations of primary production, production processes, decomposition, plant community structure and soil fauna were carried out together with studies of freshwater ecosystems. These sites and many of the original researchers represent a unique asset for detecting multidecadal environmental change. IPY provides timely opportunities for collating data on past changes, passing knowledge to new generations of researchers and documenting environmental characteristics of sites to facilitate detection and attribution of future changes at IBP sites and others, and on IBP topics in an interdisciplinary context. Goals 1. To assess multidecadal past changes in the structure and function of Polar terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems and environments in relation to diverse divers of change 2. To assess the current status of Polar ecosystems and their biodiversity 3. To permanently record precise locations of old sites in order to perpetuate platforms for a) the assessment of future changes in Polar ecosystems and their environments and b) sampling for Polar research and assessment programmes. Approach IBP sites in both polar regions will be re-visited, documented, and pinpointed with GPS. IBP Tundra Biome alpine and temperate upland sites will be included: comparison among such diverse, cold sites gave increased information on the environmental controls of ecosystem processes. The cold, temperate sites are now even more relevant as they represent analogues of future, warmer, polar sites. BTF will also include appropriate non-IBP polar and sub-polar sites. Investigations of primary production, production processes, decomposition, plant community structure and soil fauna will be repeated using original techniques. Additional measurements (biological and non-biological) will be made following meetings of the BTF group and representatives of linked projects (e.g. ITEX*, IPA*, TARANTELLA*) to maximise the efficiency of time in the field in often remote localities and to ensure cross-disciplinary connections. BTF will include, or link to, remote sensing projects that will provide a larger geographical context (GOA*) and provide baseline information on vegetation structure from radar and laser remote sensing. The sites will provide validation for remote sensing and modelling communities. The network will also include other aspects of retrospective analysis of ecosystems (e.g. photographic records from the late 1960&#039;s) and populations (e.g. retrospective growth analyses) and provide sampling possibilities for various environmental assessments. The project will be implemented by younger researchers interacting with older generations. Data and metadata will be registered with the IPY Project COMAAR." @default.
• 01aa7772-e06d-4772-b8c1-82210f187038 definition "Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A) flew abord the Space Shuttle Columbia in November of 1981 for almost 8 hours during the 2 and 1/2 day flight. SIR-A is a horizontally polarized L-band radar operating at 1.28 GHz (23 cm) and obtained imagery at a resolution of 40m with a swath width of 50km and a look angle of approx. 45 degrees (variable). The imagery is produced at a scale of 1:500,000. Additional information available at 'http://southport.jpl.nasa.gov/'" @default.
• 01b1a8ab-5c29-48cd-a283-713d74edf2e2 definition "The other experiments, AMEX (Australian Monsoon Experiment) conducted by the Bureau, EMEX (Equatorial Mesoscale Experiment) conducted by NOAA and a consortium of US universities, will investigate the synoptic environment and heat exchange processes in the Australian monsoon. The CSIRO F-27 aircraft will be involved in AMEX and will provide a platform for a series of trace gas measurements." @default.
• 01b319ce-cbe2-4894-bb33-04c43ceef23b definition "[Source: NASA Science Missions Directorate] The CALIPSO satellite was developed to help scientists answer significant questions and provide new information about the effects of clouds and aerosols (airborne particles) on changes in the Earth's climate. Understanding these components will provide the international science community with a more comprehensive data set that is essential for a better understanding of the Earth's climatic processes. Accurate climate model predictions will provide international and national leaders accurate information to make more informed policy decisions about global climate change. CALIPSO flies a 3-channel lidar with a suite of passive instruments in formation with Aqua to obtain coincident observations of radiative fluxes and atmospheric conditions. This enables new observationally based assessments of the radiative effects of aerosol and clouds that will greatly improve out ability to predict future climate change. CloudSat also flies in formation with CALIPSO to provide a comprehensive characterization of the structure and composition of clouds and their effects on climate under all weather conditions. This comprehensive set of measurements is essential for accurate quantification of global aerosol and cloud radiative effects to understand their role in formation and variation of Earth's climate. This is a cooperative mission with France. For more information on CALIPSO, see: https://www-calipso.larc.nasa.gov/ Group: Platform_Details Entry_ID: CALIPSO Group: Platform_Identification Platform_Category: Earth Observation Satellites Platform_Series_or_Entity: EOS (Earth Observing System) Short_Name: CALIPSO Long_Name: Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations End_Group Group: Platform_Associated_Instruments Short_Name: WFC Short_Name: CALIOP Short_Name: IIR End_Group Group: Orbit Orbit_Altitude: 705 km Orbit_Inclination: 98.2 degrees Period: 99 minutes Repeat_Cycle: 16 days Orbit_Type: LEO > Low Earth Orbit > Polar Sun-Synchronous End_Group Creation_Date: 2007-04-17 Online_Resource: https://www-calipso.larc.nasa.gov Online_Resource: https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/project/calipso/calipso_table nline_Resource: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/calipso/ Group: Platform_Logistics Launch_Date: 2006-04-28 Launch_Site: Vandenberg Air Force Base, USA Design_Life: 3 years Primary_Sponsor: USA/NASA Primary_Sponsor: FRANCE/CNES Primary_Sponsor: Alcatel End_Group End_Group" @default.
• 01b96758-13f3-4cea-8447-decae36b1bde definition "The NINO3.4 index is one of several El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators based on sea surface temperatures. NINO3.4 is the average sea surface temperature anomaly in the region bounded by 5°N to 5°S, from 170°W to 120°W. This region has large variability on El Niño time scales, and is close to the region where changes in local sea-surface temperature are important for shifting the large region of rainfall typically located in the far western Pacific. An El Niño or La Niña event is identified if the 5-month running-average of the NINO3.4 index exceeds +0.4°C for El Niño or -0.4°C for La Niña for at least 6 consecutive months." @default.
• 01c9697d-3685-430a-b4f5-2b291a1c5514 definition "The data sets available on this web site were created using the PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) climate mapping system, developed by Dr. Christopher Daly, PRISM Group director. PRISM is a unique knowledge-based system that uses point measurements of precipitation, temperature, and other climatic factors to produce continuous, digital grid estimates of monthly, yearly, and event-based climatic parameters. Continuously updated, this unique analytical tool incorporates point data, a digital elevation model, and expert knowledge of complex climatic extremes, including rain shadows, coastal effects, and temperature inversions. PRISM data sets are recognized world-wide as the highest-quality spatial climate data sets currently available. PRISM is the USDA's official climatological data. http://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/" @default.
• 01cc0beb-7c9a-40ed-ad86-0661b41aee53 definition "A Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) is an electronic instrument package that accurately reports conductivity, temperature and depth and transmits data up the conducting wire to a computer on board. The computer calculates salinity from conductivity and temperature. Together, salinity and temperature determine the density of seawater, which in turn affects its movements; and temperature affects biological rates and behavior. Additional information available at 'http://octopus.gma.org/onlocation/ctd.html' [Summary provided by Gulf of Maine Aquarium]" @default.
• 01cd904c-ae24-40f1-9b75-cacadcb982d4 definition "" @default.
• 01de3df8-3879-406e-ade7-bcbae8e759ad definition "The CFDA Web Site is updated bi-weekly as new or updated program information is received from Federal agencies. The site is running on a 2-processor 600 MHz NT box with 1.8 gigabytes of RAM. Most pages are generated on the fly by Oracle portals querying an oracle database. Summary provided by http://www.cfda.gov/cfda/Programs/11_435.html" @default.
• 01df2d30-7c48-4d5c-bc48-477b84c26e3c definition "The Great Lakes National Program Office oversees and helps all Great Lakes stakeholders* work together in an integrated, ecosystem approach to protect, maintain, and restore the chemical, biological, and physical integrity of the Great Lakes. The EPA's Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO), located in Chicago, Illinois, has a staff of 46 and a budget of almost $15 million. GLNPO brings together Federal, state, tribal, local, and industry partners in an integrated, ecosystem approach to protect, maintain, and restore the chemical, biological, and physical integrity of the Great Lakes. The program monitors Lake ecosystem indicators; manages and provides public access to Great Lakes data; helps communities address contaminated sediments in their harbors; supports local protection and restoration of important habitats; promotes pollution prevention through activities and projects such as the Canada-U.S. Binational Toxics Strategy (BNS); and provides assistance for community-based Remedial Action Plans for Areas of Concern and for Lakewide Management Plans. Each year, GLNPO uses its funding to assist Great Lakes partners in these areas through grants, interagency agreements, and contracts. Website: 'http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/' [Summary provided by the EPA.]" @default.
• 01e4b433-34ae-4ffb-a73b-dff7ae4c789a definition "The amount of ultraviolet radiation transferred across a given unit of surface area in a given unit of time." @default.
• 01e75216-1cee-4cc3-b31d-83019730da85 definition "The U.S. National Park Service (NPS) proposes a series of integrated research, monitoring, education and outreach projects designed to better understand and communicate change in Arctic environments in Alaska (United States) and adjacent areas of Chukotka (Russia) and the Yukon Territory (Canada). Proposed projects within this effort include the following: Implement the “Vital Sign” Monitoring Program for Arctic (ARCN) and Central Alaska (CAKN) Networks. These new programs, based on conceptual models and long term monitoring objectives now in development, will implement monitoring of a broad suite of biological, chemical and physical indicators on 40.6 million acres of NPS lands and waters in and around eight national park units in Alaska. Implement baseline archaeological inventories and ethnographic research: During 2007-2008 new archaeological inventories will be conducted at selected locations in Cape Krusenstern, Denali, and Yukon-Charley Rivers to locate and systematically document prehistoric human occupation sites in arctic and subarctic coastal, inland, and riverine environments. Also, ethnographic research at Yukon-Charley will synthesize oral, written and archival data to produce a comprehensive ethnographic assessment. Report results of the Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Program (WACAP). During 2007-2008 this ongoing multi-regional inter-agency US program will report on airborne contaminants in arctic, subarctic, high-altitude and high latitude areas. A series of journal articles and presentations will be submitted for publication during the IPY. Results will include contaminants assessments, spring snow pack data, and atmospheric back trajectories for multiple airborne contaminants potentially affecting polar areas. A separate study will report on biological effects of airborne heavy metal deposition (mineral dust) in Cape Krusenstern. Convene two conferences on arctic parks and protected areas. Scientific conferences and workshops focused on science and conservation of Arctic ecosystems and cultures will be co-sponsored by NPS during the IPY. The 2007 (bilingual) conference in Chukotka will be organized with Russian cooperators through the Beringian International Heritage Program (Beringia). The 2008 symposium in Alaska will be organized with the USGS, other US cooperating agencies, and possibly Beringia program cooperators. Both symposia will be multi-disciplinary (biological, physical, cultural, and social sciences). Focused journal issue on climate change in Alaska’s national parks. A focused issue of the Alaska Park Science journal will be published during 2007 in both printed and web-based formats. Internet-based supporting materials, targeted to meet the curriculum requirements of middle and high-school science teachers and students, will also be developed. Issues in 2008-2009 will highlight findings from research underway during IPY. Digitized photo archives of arctic national parks. NPS collections of Alaska photos will be screened and a representative collection of historic photographs documenting natural and cultural resources and human activities in Alaska’s NPS areas (targeting 50-100 photographs of each area) will be digitally reproduced for use in IPY symposia and publications. This collection will also be augmented by recent photos, possibly including repeat visits to photograph and document change at the sites of historic photographs. Augment photo collection by working in cooperation with local Native residents and Native entities of the 36 neighboring communities to Arctic parks to acquire copies of historical photos documenting historical landform conditions. Obtain use permission, digitize and make available to Arctic researchers for use as dated baseline conditions. Focused competitive funding programs. Support for a series of new focused projects will be provided through identification and consideration of IPY-related criteria in the proposal request and evaluation processes of appropriate National Park Service competitive grant programs. Eligible activities will include research, natural and cultural resource inventories and monitoring, recording of local and traditional knowledge, trend analysis, education and public outreach in Alaska and adjacent areas of Chukotka and the Yukon Territory. For IPY 2007-2008 we will specifically invite proposals to study and inform the public about: arctic/subarctic climate change, global and local contaminants, exotic species in the arctic and subarctic, increasing human use of parks and protected areas, and resource development within and surrounding these areas. Summary provided by http://classic.ipy.org/development/eoi/proposal-details.php?id=21" @default.
• 01eb30ad-6e33-4d69-9d7c-0e8319229bcd definition "The mission of the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center is to To combine innovative technology with the best available science in order to provide the best weather and oceanographic products, data and services to the operating and support forces of the DoD anywhere, anytime. The center will remain world leaders in operational METOC numerical analysis and prediction, associated computer technology, and related product distribution and services. We will serve an diverse customer base by providing increasingly accurate, customer-defined, full-spectrum METOC products and data, at the best resolution achievable, from the edge of space to the bottom of the sea. Website: 'https://www.fnmoc.navy.mil/' [Summary provided by U.S. Navy]" @default.
• 01fa986c-44cd-4055-ad1f-00d9a2ad036c definition "Leaf Area Index on Land-Use Tile" @default.
• 020585ff-91fb-421b-ba24-305d657c2231 definition "Reports providing information on the observed weather conditions at a fixed observation station." @default.
• 02064e6f-5647-4da1-bb5e-800924a82e27 definition "A galvanometer is a type of ammeter: an instrument for detecting and measuring electric current. It is an analog electromechanical transducer that produces a rotary deflection of some type of pointer in response to electric current flowing through its coil in a magnetic field. The term has expanded to include uses of the same mechanism in recording, positioning, and servomechanism equipment. [Summary provided by the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.] Group: Instrument_Details Entry_ID: GALVANOMETER Group: Instrument_Identification Instrument_Category: In Situ/Laboratory Instruments Instrument_Class: Electrical Meters Short_Name: GALVANOMETER End_Group Online_Resource: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/galvan.html Online_Resource: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanometer Sample_Image: http://www.elexp.com/test/sm-1102.jpg Creation_Date: 2011-08-17 End_Group" @default.
• 0209916f-6614-4f50-983e-151445e29cf0 definition "Condensed Water Path" @default.
• 020d9550-c314-45b6-8a43-23304626d9c0 definition "The Ring Shear Testers serve for the determination of the flow properties of more or less all powders and bulk solids like flour, cement, soap powder, titanium dioxide, clay, sewage sludge, and others. The Ring Shear Testers of the RST-01 series are suited for all powders and bulk solids up to a particle size of 5 .. 10 mm. The basic version is the RST-01.01 where an operator is required during the test. The Ring Shear Tester RST-01.pc performs the tests automatically, i.e. controlled by a Personal Computer." @default.
• 021481a1-b432-40b7-ac0b-8fc878ed2988 definition "The Kwajalein Experiment (KWAJEX), held 23 July - 15 September 1999, was a field observation campaign centered on Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands and sponsored by NASA in cooperation with the U.S. Army Kwajalein Atoll/Kwajalein Missile Range and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. The joint U.S.-Japan Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite was launched in November 1997 and uses a Ku-band radar and a multi-channel passive microwave radiometer to map precipitation in the tropics. A number of physical assumptions are made within the TRMM satellite algorithms in order to obtain rain rates from the the satellite-measured radiances. The goals of KWAJEX were focused on making observations to reduce uncertainty in these physical assumptions by gathering a coordinated data set of airborne, shipborne, and ground-based measurements within tropical open ocean precipitating clouds. This site integrates information on the specific measurements made during the KWAJEX field campaign and on the ongoing data processing and analysis. Project Contacts: Sandra Yuter yuter@atmos.washington.edu Robert A. Houze, Jr houze@atmos.washington.edu For more information, link to the KWAJEX homepage at http://www.atmos.washington.edu/kwajex/ or to: http://www.espo.nasa.gov/kwajex/" @default.
• 021714ad-1cae-441c-bb6f-4be866a0f742 definition "The degree of hotness or coldness of the soil as measured on some definite temperature scale." @default.
• 02181425-a13e-4a7b-a913-dcf3730013af definition "Chemical Production of Dry Aerosol Secondary Organic Matter" @default.
• 021d2b85-4728-4434-b429-082874cfab69 definition "" @default.
• 021d9289-9d25-4c2e-bc8e-87c4210cc327 definition "" @default.
• 02231ae5-df5f-44c8-b183-f33c8e93ad5f definition "[Source: UGA/MARSCI home page] The UGA Department of Marine Sciences has 15 full-time faculty engaged in teaching and research at the graduate and undergraduate levels. Faculty research interests range from the ecology of bacteria and phytoplankton, to inorganic and organic biogeochemistry, to ecosystem dynamics modeling and ocean acoustics. We offer graduate degree programs at the Ph.D. and M.S. levels with concentrations in biological, chemical, and physical oceanography. Current graduate students are conducting research in coastal ecology and processes, biological oceanography, molecular microbial ecology, sediment processes, environmental genomics, and marine ecosystem modeling. The Department of Marine Sciences participates in the undergraduate Interdisciplinary Studies Program and the Coastal and Oceanographic Engineering Certificate Program." @default.
• 022565db-8f4c-4cef-bdd8-3c048b783a61 definition "Welcome to the SeaWiFS Bio-optical Archive and Storage System (SeaBASS), the publicly shared archive of in situ oceanographic and atmospheric data maintained by the NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG). For information on how to search for data, please refer to the 'Get Data' menu options. For information about preparing files for submission to SeaBASS, refer to 'Contribute Data.' https://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/" @default.
• 0225ee3e-c3b1-4a5d-bd22-b36462330b00 definition "An image file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers. TIFF is widely supported by scanning, faxing, word processing, optical character recognition, image manipulation, desktop publishing, and page-layout applications." @default.
• 02290e22-24ae-40f6-96f1-0c6c76a145af definition "Forecasts of the likelihood (from 1% to 99%) that the daily geomagnetic activity level will reach a particular activity category. The four categories are Quiet to Unsettled, Active, Minor Storm, and Major to Severe Storm. The geomagnetic category assigned to a day is determined by the highest observed k-index for the day. Quiet to Unsettled = k 0 to k 3, Active = k 4, Minor Storm = k 5, and Major to Severe Storm = k 6 to k 9. Middle-latitude forecasts are verified against Fredericksburg, VA observations and High-latitude forecasts are verified against College, AK observations. Forecast lead times range from one to three days." @default.
• 0229714c-7960-4179-b671-30ceb9bf68bb definition "Firn Air Content is a parameter within that data set and is defined as the volume of air trapped within the firn layer. This parameter is subtracted from the ice surface elevation to obtain ice thickness in actual ice equivalent." @default.
• 022f3225-3b23-4e56-a6ea-c21f08f9e179 definition "Acidic gas, formula SO2, formed in the combustion of many fuels and in the oxidation of naturally occurring sulfur gases measured at the earth's surface. It is the primary sulfur gas emitted from combustion sources and is a precursor to sulfuric acid, which is a major constituent of acid rain." @default.
• 0236a2e0-64d6-4763-bcd1-ea8bb3a117a1 definition "Pertaining to channels with water flowing in them year-round." @default.
• 023ca05f-246f-4b48-8d5a-fa3dbdcb0c48 definition "The topography of the highlands in Africa, N. America and S. America TP is modified by setting surface elevations to a certain height (500m). Same model as DECK" @default.
• 023cf280-8fd9-4a4d-8e18-54fac3f6dbbb definition "Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Deep Discoverer is owned by the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research and was built and continues to be maintained and operated by the Global Foundation for Ocean Exploration (GFOE) . Also known as “D2,” the vehicle is operated off NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer with its sister vehicle, Seirios. Capable of diving to depths of 3.7 miles (6,000 meters), D2 provides scientists unprecedented access to the deep ocean. The main capability of Deep Discoverer is the ability to capture high-definition video, with the vehicle’s primary camera able to zoom in on a three-inch long organism from 10 feet away. D2’s 20 LED lights provide 150,000 lumens of light, illuminating the otherwise dark depths of the ocean. Equipped with two manipulator arms, Deep Discoverer is capable of collecting both biological and geological samples. The ROV is also outfitted with a variety of sensors to measure parameters such as salinity, water temperature, depth, and dissolved oxygen, providing additional information about the deep-ocean environment. Also available are five 1.7-liter Niskin bottles for water collection and a rotary suction sampler with six 4-liter sample jars for collecting more delicate biological samples. As a “remotely” operated vehicle, D2 carries no passengers. The vehicle is connected to Seirios and Okeanos Explorer via a long cable and is piloted by GFOE engineers on the ship. Thanks to telepresence technology, live video from D2 travels from the seafloor to the ship and then via satellite connection to scientists located on shore who use the real-time video to provide guidance to the pilots on where to go and which samples to collect. The live video is also broadcast to the Internet, allowing members of the public to join in on D2’s adventures. From delivering stunning high-definition video and gathering physical data about surrounding waters to allowing the collection of biological and geological samples, D2 is delivering data needed by scientists to better understand an ecosystem in its entirety, meaning we can make better decisions about an area's management as well as its protection." @default.
• 023f1ca2-5d28-4c51-af0e-459a55975d27 definition "The Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education (CIESE) was founded 1988 to improve K-12 science and mathematics education through the use of technology. Drawing upon Stevens' years of experience as the first college in the country to require students to own a computer (1982), early CIESE programs utilized mathematics 'tool' software for exploration of mathematical concepts. The mission is to catalyze and support excellence in teaching and learning of science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM) and other core subjects through innovative, research-based instructional strategies and use of novel technologies. CIESE collaborates with K-12 and university educators, researchers, policymakers and educational organizations to develop curriculum materials, conduct professional development programs, and research new methodologies to strengthen STEM education. Website: http://www.k12science.org/ Information provided by: The Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education" @default.
• 0252ac58-9091-4879-85e0-dc765d636e62 definition "The objective of the Open-Source Netrual Mass Spectrometer was to contribute to a study of the chemical, dynamic, and energetic processes that control the structure of the thermosphere by providing direct in situ measurements of both major and minor neutral atmospheric constituents having masses in the range from 1 to 48 atomic mass units (u). A double-focusing, Mattauch-Herzog magnetic deflection mass spectrometer with an impact ion source was flown. Two ion collectors were included to measure ions differing in mass by a factor of 8; i.e., the two mass ranges covered were 1 to 6 and 6 to 48 u. In the ion source the neutral species were ionized by means of electron impact. The electron energies were selectable; 75 eV for the high-eV mode and 25 eV for the low-eV mode. At altitudes greater than 380 km, ion currents were measured with an electron multiplier. Counts were accumulated for 1/20 s before automatically switching to a different mass number. While complete mass spectra could be swept, in the common mode of operation peak stepping was employed; readings on principal peaks in the mass spectrum were repeated approximately every 0.5 s and on other species less frequently. Data below 380 km were measured using an electrometer. In addition to the peak stepping mode, there were several other operating modes which were selected by ground command. In the fly-through mode, ambient particles striking the ion source retained energies less than 0.1 eV, which was not high enough to overcome the negative space charge potential holding the ions in the beam. Those ambient particles that did not strike the ion source retained their incoming energy of several eV after ionization and escaped into the acceleration region of the analyzer. [Summary provided by NASA]" @default.
• 025516f3-dcca-42da-abe6-ad25197bc99d definition "Total Respiration from Leaves as Carbon Mass Flux [kgC m-2 s-1]" @default.
• 0256f9fc-33d2-4e42-bd60-25a11aabb580 definition "The Huntsman Marine Science Centre (HMSC) is a unique independent not-for-profit scientific institution; with a mission of education, research, and technology transfer to industry. Located near the mouth of the Bay of Fundy, in eastern Canada, the HMSC is perfectly positioned to access one of the world's most biologically diverse marine ecosystems. The Atlantic Reference Centre, a joint program with Fisheries & Oceans Canada, is a unique and important part of the HMSC. It is well known throughout the Maritimes for its extensive collections of marine life. ARC Staff Research Topics: * ontogeny, taxonomy, systematics, and evolution - crustaceans and fishes * marine benthic biodiversity and ecology * environmental baseline research, monitoring, and impact assessment * morphological assaying * procedures for biological sample processing and museum curation * Publications - see Publications link in Research submenu in the navigation bar on the left" @default.
• 0258d108-269d-409f-b2de-422483fe808e definition "Summary Provided By: http://www.pik-potsdam.de/" @default.
• 025980ea-17bc-4534-89a2-91f4771d3a12 definition "Coupled integrations with SSP5 forcing (nearest to CMIP5 RCP8.5 (as in highresSST-future)" @default.
• 02598fdd-7ff8-4d38-a2ac-f29d71523f18 definition "The demand for high-value environmental data and information has dramatically increased in recent years. To improve our ability to meet that demand, NOAA’s former three data centers—the National Climatic Data Center, the National Geophysical Data Center, and the National Oceanographic Data Center, which includes the National Coastal Data Development Center—have merged into the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). NCEI is responsible for hosting and providing access to one of the most significant archives on Earth, with comprehensive oceanic, atmospheric, and geophysical data. From the depths of the ocean to the surface of the sun and from million-year-old ice core records to near real-time satellite images, NCEI is the Nation’s leading authority for environmental information. NCEI continues the tradition of excellence, unmatched expertise, and trusted, authoritative data that the previous three Data Centers established. The top priority during the near future is to build on the full spectrum of atmospheric, oceanographic, coastal, and geophysical products and services that the Data Centers delivered. While NCEI's product portfolio will evolve as current products and services are assessed, no products or services are currently slated to be cut or reduced. By using consistent data stewardship tools and practices across all of our science disciplines and by forging an improved data management paradigm, we expect to provide users with improved access to environmental data and information archive products. For more information, please visit https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/" @default.
• 025c1e31-1a97-4a30-a887-0b9a5127fd4d definition "Attenuation: Diminution of the intensity of acoustical energy propagating through a medium with the distance traveled, through absorption and scattering. Transmission: Propagation or the motion of waves through or along a medium." @default.
• 025d666e-a5bb-48b5-9890-129e60104611 definition "Refers to the angle between the equatorial plane of the earth and the orbital plane of the satellite" @default.
• 025d9870-8138-418a-9854-097723c40042 definition "The Bennett Ion-Mass Spectrometer (BIMS) experiment was flown to measure, throughout the orbit, the individual concentrations of all thermal ion species in the mass range 1 to 72 atomic mass units (u) and in the ambient density range from five to 5.E6 ions/cc. The mass range was normally scanned in 1.7 s, but the scan time per range could be increased by command. Laboratory and inflight determination of spectrometer efficiency and mass discrimination permitted direct conversion of measured ion currents to ambient concentrations. Correlation of these measured data with the results from companion experiments, CEP (75-107A-01) and RPA (75-107A-04) permitted individual ion concentrations to be determined with high accuracy. The experiment's four primary mechanical components were guard ring and ion-analyzer tube, collector and preamplifier assembly, vent, and main electronics housing. A three-stage Bennett tube with 7-to 5-cycle drift spaces were flown; it was modified to permi t ion concentration measurements to be obtained at low altitudes. The balance between ion-current sensitivity and mass resolution in a Bennett spectrometer may be altered by changing appropriate voltages. These voltage changes were controlled independently by ground command for each one of the three mass ranges: 1 to 4, 2 to 18, and 8 to 72. [Summary provided by NASA]" @default.
• 025f20d7-620f-437b-a02a-e2b5aa674507 definition "The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) is engaged in comprehensive long lead-time research fundamental to NOAA's mission. The goal of this research is to expand the scientific understanding of the physical processes that govern the behavior of the atmosphere and the oceans as complex fluid systems. These systems can then be modeled mathematically and their phenomenology can be studied by computer simulation methods. In particular, GFDL research concerns the following: the predictability of weather on large and small scales; the structure, variability, predictability, stability and sensitivity of global and regional climate; the structure, variability and dynamics of the ocean over its many space and time scales; the interaction of the atmosphere and oceans, and how the atmosphere and oceans influence and are influenced by various trace constituents; the Earth's atmospheric general circulation within the context of the family of planetary atmospheric circulations. The scientific work of the Laboratory encompasses a variety of disciplines including meteorology, oceanography, hydrology, classical physics, fluid dynamics, chemistry, applied mathematics, and numerical analysis. Research is also facilitated by the Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program (AOSP), which is a collaborative program at GFDL with Princeton University. Under this program, regular Princeton faculty, research scientists, and graduate students participate in theoretical studies, both analytical and numerical, and in observational experiments in the laboratory and in the field. The program is supported in part by NOAA funds. AOSP scientists may also be involved in GFDL research through institutional or international agreements. Website: https://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/ [Summary provided by GFDL]" @default.
• 0263351f-e740-4785-b16f-ada0b8a63496 definition "The Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modeling Project During the past decade, Los Alamos has developed a strong program in numerical modeling of the oceans and sea ice, with special emphasis on high-performance computing. Our principal mission, first in the Department of Energy (DOE) Computer Hardware, Advanced Mathematics and Model Physics (CHAMMP) program and now in the Climate Change Prediction Program (CCPP), has been development and validation of ocean and sea ice models and their application as components of fully coupled climate models. We also do research in areas that support the central mission. These research and development activities are described more fully in the descriptions and links below, but our primary goals are to: * Develop, validate and optimize the Parallel Ocean Program (POP), including improvements in the formulation of the model equations, parameterizations of physical processes, numerical methods, and portability and performance optimization on a range of computer architectures. * Develop, validate and optimize the Community Ice CodE (CICE), including the efficient and accurate solution of the ice dynamics equations, improvements in the sea ice thermodynamics and thickness distribution and implementation of new or improved parameterizations. * Complete development of hybrid-coordinate versions of POP (HYPOP) and evaluate hybrid vertical coordinate approaches against other alternative approaches. * Develop and apply ice sheet models, with a focus on improved numerical methods and coupled climate applications. * Add biogeochemical processes to ocean models, focusing on trace gases like dimethyl sulfide (DMS) * Apply the models to problems of scientific interest. Of particular interest are effects of mesoscale eddies on ocean circulation and climate (using eddy-resolving ocean simulations), examination of polar processes and the study of ocean thermohaline circulation and its variability. * Evaluate our models as components of coupled climate models. This will continue to be done in the context of active partnerships, particularly the Community Climate System Model (CCSM). * Pursue basic research on new or improved formulations of ocean and sea ice model equations, process parameterizations, numerical solution techniques and algorithms. Each facet of our work contributes to the overall goal of improving our ocean and sea-ice models as stand-alone models and as components of coupled climate models. While our emphasis is on model development, much scientific research comes out of the validation studies and other applications of the models, particularly the eddy-resolving simulations. This provides a balance between research and development in which the findings from model validation and application studies provide guidance for model improvements. Summary provided by http://climate.lanl.gov/" @default.
• 026b9009-f626-41f3-862b-65176eb3edbf definition "The Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE) measured nitric oxide density in the Earth's lower thermosphere (100-200 km altitude) and analyzed how the Sun and the Earth's magnetosphere affect its abundance. SNOE carried three instruments: an ultraviolet spectrometer to measure nitric oxide altitude profiles, a two-channel auroral photometer to measure auroral emissions beneath the spacecraft, and a five-channel solar soft X-ray photometer. Summary Provided By: http://lasp.colorado.edu/mission_history/missions/past/SNOE.htm" @default.
• 026d8833-f593-4554-85b0-ac89df1f21c5 definition "The Solar-B project is past the mid point of its development phase. The delivery of US instruments to ISAS in Japan is scheduled to be complete by April 1, 2004. The delivery of the UK instrument to ISAS is scheduled for March 1, 2004. The Solar-B observatory is scheduled to be launched on a Japanese M-V rocket out of Kagoshima, Japan, in September 2006. Mission Summary: - Determine the solar origins of space weather and global change - Solar-B will be a comprehensive study of stellar magnetic fields - New view into the magnetic dynamics of the plasma universe - International (Japan-US-UK) collaboration building on the highly successful Yohkoh experience - Highly leveraged participation, all US contributions for high-tech science instruments Additional informaiton available at 'http://stp.gsfc.nasa.gov/missions/solar-b/solar-b.htm' [Summary provided by NASA.]" @default.
• 027286de-800d-4141-b17b-6df71fbef30c definition "The Aquitanian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the oldest age or lowest stage in the Miocene. It spans the time between 23.03 ± 0.05 Ma and 20.43 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) during the Early Miocene. It is a dry, cooling period. The Aquitanian succeeds the Chattian (the youngest age of the Oligocene) and precedes the Burdigalian." @default.
• 027e6179-676e-4409-a872-281962c2d92c definition "The mission of the Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (CGIA) is to enhance, facilitate, and promote the efficient, cost-effective development and use of geographic information in North Carolina. This is achieved through the creation, maintenance, and distribution of a statewide database of geographic information; the provision of geographic information systems services to organizations and individuals with interests in the state; and the coordination of activities related to geographic information and technology. Operating CGIA has a strong working relationship with many state agencies, counties, municipalities, federal agencies, nonprofit organizations, educational institutions and private businesses. Working on a cost-recovery basis since its inception, CGIA has developed an internal discipline and a set of skills that achieve high service quality. CGIA operates a services program, a database management program and a coordination program in two locations. The North Carolina Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (CGIA) is an agency in the Office of State Planning within the Governor's Office. CGIA is the lead coordinating agency in state government for geographic information. Established in 1977 as part of the Land Policy Act under the name of Land Resources Information Service, CGIA implemented one of the first fully operational state geographic information systems in the country. Its traditional mission has been to build and maintain a statewide database of digital geographic information and to provide gis services to a broad list of clients including other state government agencies, local government and regional organizations, the private sector, and academic institutions. In 1991, the mission of CGIA was affirmed through executive order and expanded to include support for a formal GIS coordination initiative in North Carolina. Governor James B. Hunt Jr., reaffirmed this support of coordination of geographic information with a new executive order in May 1993. The coordination initiative recognizes that: (1) geographic information is a strategic resource for North Carolina; (2) decisions involving geography are increasingly complex and involve overlapping governmental responsibilities; and (3) limited financial resources demand that agencies work together to develop and utilize geographic information. Website: 'http://cgia.cgia.state.nc.us/cgia/' [Summary provided by the North Carolina CGIA]" @default.
• 0282628e-5b4a-41de-aec4-a7dd526b96b1 definition "The Series 500 air quality sensor enables accurate real-time surveying of common outdoor air pollutants, all in an ultra portable handheld monitor. Air quality professionals typically use the Series 500 for short term air quality studies and carrying out checks on pollution “hot spots”. The Series 500 can also be deployed for short term fixed monitoring by adding an optional outdoor enclosure. Data is stored on board the Series 500 with a maximum 8,188 records available. To download the data a USB cable is supplied for connection to PC. Free PC software provided with the Series 500 takes the data and presents it in a chart or table view. Data can be downloaded and viewed in Excel. Like all our handheld monitors the Series 500 portable air quality sensor takes advantage of the unique sensor head format. Sensors are housed within an interchangeable cartridge (“head”) that attaches to the monitor base. The head can be removed and replaced in seconds, allowing users to measure as many gases as they wish. Sensor heads feature active fan sampling which ensures a representative sample is taken and therefore increases measurement accuracy. Other features on the Series 500 include monitor ID and location ID. Monitor ID identifies the monitor uniquely and ensures that all data from it are tied to that monitor. Location ID can be used to tag measurements to a specific location which is helpful when sampling at a number of sites over the course of a day or week." @default.
• 02836842-3d46-46e0-a816-bd2f407f3fb3 definition "Pertaining to the measurement of shock-waves on the surface of the Earth, either generated through an earthquake, or a man-made source." @default.
• 0287b3bd-ed50-4662-96e9-7f7469179344 definition "The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) obtains high-resolution digitial topographic database of the Earth. The instrument will operate within the cargo bay of the space shuttle including a mast that extends 200 ft (60 m). SRTM uses C-band and X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radars (IFSARs) to acquire topographic data over 80% of Earth's land mass (between 60N and 56S). SRTM produces digital topographic map products which meet Interferometric Terrain Height Data (ITHD)-2 specifications (30 meter x 30 meter spatial sampling with 16 meter absolute vertical height accuracy, 10 meter relative vertical height accuracy and 20 meter absolute horizontal circular accuracy). All accuracies are quoted at the 90% level, consistent with National Mapping Accuracy Standards. Group: Instrument_Details Entry_ID: SRTM Group: Instrument_Identification Instrument_Category: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments Instrument_Class: Active Remote Sensing Instrument_Type: Imaging Radars Short_Name: SRTM Long_Name: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission End_Group Group: Instrument_Associated_Sensors Short_Name: BLACKJACK Short_Name: SIR-C Short_Name: X-SAR End_Group Group: Associated_Platforms Short_Name: OV-105 End_Group Online_Resource: The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) obtains high-resolution digitial topographic database of the Earth. The instrument will operate within the cargo bay of the space shuttle including a mast that extends 200 ft (60 m). SRTM uses C-band and X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radars (IFSARs) to acquire topographic data over 80% of Earth's land mass (between 60N and 56S). SRTM produces digital topographic map products which meet Interferometric Terrain Height Data (ITHD)-2 specifications (30 meter x 30 meter spatial sampling with 16 meter absolute vertical height accuracy, 10 meter relative vertical height accuracy and 20 meter absolute horizontal circular accuracy). All accuracies are quoted at the 90% level, consistent with National Mapping Accuracy Standards. Group: Instrument_Details Entry_ID: SRTM Group: Instrument_Identification Instrument_Category: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments Instrument_Class: Active Remote Sensing Instrument_Type: Imaging Radars Short_Name: SRTM Long_Name: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission End_Group Group: Instrument_Associated_Sensors Short_Name: BLACKJACK Short_Name: SIR-C Short_Name: X-SAR End_Group Group: Associated_Platforms Short_Name: OV-105 End_Group Online_Resource: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/srtm Creation_Date: 2007-05-01 Group: Instrument_Logistics Instrument_Start_Date: 2000-02-11 Instrument_Stop_Date: 2000-02-22 Instrument_Owner: NASA End_Group End_Group Sample_Image: http://gcmd.nasa.gov/Images/Data/project_onestop/msrtm.jpg Creation_Date: 2007-05-01 Group: Instrument_Logistics Instrument_Start_Date: 2000-02-11 Instrument_Stop_Date: 2000-02-22 Instrument_Owner: NASA End_Group End_Group" @default.
• 028fe075-8ed0-47f0-b462-71e4adf72a4e definition "" @default.
• 02916754-4814-48ea-b8fc-ef50d7a7c5b5 definition "The composition of sediment including parent rock lithology, mineral composition, and chemical make-up." @default.
• 0292343d-4af6-4e6d-9e3f-21a191c0c40c definition "SEAWEEDAFRICA is a major EU funded, Fifth Framework Project being coordinated from the AlgaeBase Centre in the Martin Ryan Institure, National University of Ireland, Galway. The project will bring together leading marine scientists from nine countries spread throughout Europe, Africa and South America. Over the next three years ecological, commercial and technological information on seaweeds and their uses internationally will be added to AlgaeBase and made available via the Internet Website: http://www.seaweedafrica.org/default.asp?menuItem=About&Category=root Info: University of the Western Cape" @default.
• 02927af0-918f-4980-9e47-69950323ab6e definition "PIRATA (Pilot Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic) is a project designed by a group of scientists involved in CLIVAR, and is implemented by the group through multi-national cooperation. The purpose of PIRATA is to study ocean-atmosphere interactions in the tropical Atlantic that are relevant to regional climate variability on seasonal, interannual and longer time scales. Contributions are provided by France (with the participation of IRD in collaboration with Meteo-France, CNRS, Universities and IFREMER), by Brazil (INPE and DHN) and by the USA (NOAA/PMEL, NASA and Universities). US PIRATA Home Page: 'http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pirata/' PIRATA Data Delivery: 'http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/data_deliv/deliv-pir.html'" @default.
• 0292987c-f0af-4ea7-a14e-60233a1a3824 definition "Mission: Deliver business benefits to our clients through web based innovative decision technologies B2B/e-Commerce Strategy and Software Development Enable businesses to use the internet to significantly improve: -Internal business processes by reducing cost and lead time -Collaboration processes with customers, suppliers and partners -Product reach and customer service, thereby enhancing revenue Supply Chain Analysis, Management and Planning -Supply Chain Opportunity Assessment. indent has developed methodology and tools for identifying and prioritizing supply chain opportunities based on rigorous cost-benefit analysis -Design and implementation of processes, technology, organization and performance measures to support an effective supply chain. -cxPlanning and implementation of supply chain planning systems like i2 Technologies, Chesapeake Decision Systems. BEA WebLogic Prof. Services Business Partner -INDENT has a strong team of Java certified employees developing web applications. -Enterprise Java Beans, Servlets and JSP to build collaboration applications -WebLogic's Commerce Server -Fast track implementation methodology for developing solutions with focus on templates, tools, techniques for separating presentation, data and business logic, and eliminating the servlet/mid-tier. The methodology facilitates parallel development of presentation (HTML, JSP, XSL), database (SQL, procedures) and business logic (EJB). Website: http://www.indent.org/rasi.htm [Summary by Innovative Decision Technologies, Inc.]" @default.
• 02935374-e2b0-491f-b778-2a23bb9f3f4a definition "regridded data reported in the region of Greenland on a grid other than the native grid and other than the preferred target grid" @default.
• 029540bb-7f5c-44ba-8578-61e2f858be60 definition "The URL for leveraging the Web Coverage Service (WCS) API. The Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS) provides an open specification for sharing raster datasets on the web." @default.
• 029fec12-73b8-41ca-8e81-da46d9f95cf0 definition "The Coastal and Ocean Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (COFDL) focuses on fluid dynamical and related processes affecting the transport of solids, dissolved constituents, momentum, and energy within the ocean and across its boundaries. Subjects of research include dispersion within the sediments, sediment suspension and transport, feeding and dispersal of organisms, turbulent transport within the bottom boundary layer and throughout the water column and its effect on estuarine, coastal and ocean circulation, transport of mass, heat and momentum across the air-water interface, and the turbulent fluxes in the surface layer beneath that interface and in the marine boundary layer above it. Novel techniques and instruments are often developed for exploring these processes by members of the Laboratory, who come from the diverse disciplines of Biology, Chemistry, Engineering, Geology, Meteorology, Oceanography and Physics. The laboratory is an active participant in the Joint MIT/WHOI Gradu ate Program, the WHOI Postdoctoral Program and the WHOI Summer Student Fellows Program. Website: 'http://www.whoi.edu/science/AOPE/cofdl/' Summary provided by COFDL.]" @default.
• 029feed6-79dc-4316-b8ac-be8f1e557f89 definition "GPS RECEIVERS receive radio or TV signals, which is used for the Global Positioning System. Group: Instrument_Details Entry_ID: GPS RECEIVERS Group: Instrument_Identification Instrument_Category: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments Instrument_Class: Passive Remote Sensing Instrument_Type: Positioning/Navigation Instrument_Subtype: GPS Short_Name: GPS RECEIVERS End_Group Group: Associated_Platforms Short_Name: TSX Short_Name: SUNSAT Short_Name: GRACE End_Group Online_Resource: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gps Group: Instrument_Logistics Instrument_Owner: USA/NASA End_Group End_Group" @default.
• 02a50e11-e6ee-4b05-a157-32cf57a74adf definition "GAP (GPS Attitude and Positioning Experiment) instrument objective is to measure S/C velocity and attitude as well as TEC (Total Electron Content) of the ionosphere. The relative phase delay of signals in both the L1 and L2 bands from a GPS satellite occulted by the limb ionosphere provide large-scale (1000's of km) information on how the total electron content responds to magnetospheric perturbations. GAP consists of two components: - GAP-A: Three single-frequency (L1) GPS receivers and four patch antennas. This package is being used to provide an accurate absolute time reference, spacecraft 3-D attitude, and post-processed spacecraft position and velocity. - GAP-O: The objective is to provide ionospheric tomography observations." @default.
• 02a53a61-4fd2-4294-9dcc-071f701bc263 definition "An analysis and determination of the age of metamorphic rocks." @default.
• 02b54a09-ce2b-4d08-a2a3-a45ccd049b30 definition "" @default.
• 02c0bc50-e816-43ee-bc32-67729d05299e definition "The Department of Analytical Chemistry 'University of Turin was established on 1 January 1985, it joined the faculty, researchers and technical personnel and administrative Association of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Analysis Instrumental of the Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Natural." @default.
• 02c7de7e-4a26-4bb8-800f-07bff27fed08 definition "A THEODOLITE is an optical instrument, similar to a surveyor?s transit telescope, used to visually track a radiosonde balloon and determine its azimuth and elevation angles while in flight." @default.
• 02c85d04-228e-4bf3-bb03-d72c22681dff definition "The first European Remote Sensing Satellite ERS-1, launched on 17 July 1991 at 01.46 UTC, operates in a sun-synchronous, near-polar orbit at an altitude of 785 km and an inclination of 98.5 degrees, known as the reference orbit. ERS-1 was conceived as an orbiting platform that would be capable of measuring, on a global scale, the Earth's atmospheric and surface properties with a high degree of accuracy. In fact it uses advanced microwave techniques to collect global measurements and images (much of the data are collected from remote areas such as the southern oceans and the Antarctic) independently of time of day and weather conditions. It also undertakes the measurement of many parameters that are not covered by existing satellite systems, including those of sea state, sea surface winds, ocean circulation and sea/ice levels. Satellite characteristics: -------- Platform: based on the SPOT Multimission Platform Power supply: 4 x 24 Ah batteries; 1.8 kW from solar array Attitude control: 3-axis stabilised earth pointing, with option of 9.5 degrees offset in Roll-Tilt Mode (RTM) Total mass: 2400 kg (at beginning of mission) Overall length: 11.8 m Solar array: 11.7 m x 2.4 m SAR antenna: 10.0 m x 1.0 m Scatterometer antennas: fore/aft 3.6 m x 0.25 m; mid: 2.3 m x 0.35 m Radar Altimeter antenna: 1.2 m diameter Design lifetime: 2-3 years --------- ERS-1 carries on-board a number of instruments consisting of a core set of active microwave sensors supported by additional, complementary instruments: the Active Microwave Instrument (AMI), which combines a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) operating in image or wave mode and a wind scatterometer, the Radar Altimeter (RA), the Along-Track Scanning Radiometer and Microwave Sounder (ATSR), the Precise Range and Range-rate Equipment (PRARE) and Laser Retroreflectors (LRR). The primary objective of the ERS-1 mission is the monitoring of oceans and sea ice providing essential data for: - improved representation of oceans/atmosphere interactions in climatic models - major advances in the knowledge of ocean circulation and transfer of energy - more reliable estimates of the mass balance of the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets - better monitoring of pollution and dynamic coastal processes - improved detection and management of land use change The ability of ERS-1 to acquire vast global data sets of ocean, atmosphere, ice and land phenomena contributes to the following fields of study: - Ocean/Ice: ocean circulation, global wind/wave relationships, sea ice and iceberg monitoring, etc. - Physical Earth: accurate determination of the ocean geoid, forestry, glaciology, geology and agriculture studies, etc. - Climate: contribution to the World Climate Research Programme and to the World Ocean Circulation Experiment - Weather and Sea: short and medium-term weather forecasting, sea surface state forecasting, wind speed and direction, location of pelagic fish through the monitoring of temperature fronts Relation between ERS-1 instruments and mission objectives ------------------------------------------------------------ Weather forecasting: AMI wind mode Sea-state forecasting: AMI, wave and wind modes Offshore activity: Altimeter, ATSR, AMI in wave and wind modes Ship routing: Altimeter, ATSR, AMI in wave and wind modes Fisheries (fish location): (Altimeter), (ATSR), AMI in wind mode Sea and iceberg monitoring: Altimeter, ATSR, AMI in image mode Oil and pollution detection: ATSR, AMI in image mode Coastal process: ATSR, AMI in image mode Land applications: (Altimeter), ATSR Ocean circulation: Altimeter(1), ATSR, (AMI in wave mode) Ocean tides: Altimeter(2) Wind fields(3): Altimeter, AMI (in image mode), in wave and wind mode Wave fields(3): Altimeter, AMI (in image mode), in wave and wind mode Polar oceans: Altimeter, ATSR, AMI in all modes. Land ice: Altimeter, AMI (in image mode) Sea-surface temperature: ATSR Marine biology: (ATSR) ------------------------------------------------------------ ( ) indicates limited applicability (1) For large-scale circulation, accurate orbit determination over short arcs is required (2) For solar tides, measurements from other satellites in complementary orbits are required (3) The altimeter and active microwave instrumentation are mutually supportive in deriving the wind and wave fields The complexity of the ERS-1 mission, which effectively consists of a combination of several different missions, requires a very careful approach when planning the mission operations. Taking into account the different mission objectives, and attempting to satisfy them in a quasi-optimal way in the course of ERS-1's lifetime, has held to the definition of phases of activity during the mission: - Phase 0: Orbit acquisition, initial switch-on and functional check-out (2 weeks after the launch) - Phase A: The Commisioning phase, using a 3 day repeat cycle (25 July 1991-10 December 1991) - Phase B : The first ice phase, using a 3 day repeat cycle (28 December 1991-1 April 1992) - Phase R: The Roll-Tilt phase, using a 35 day repeat cycle (2 April 1992-14 April 1992) - Phase C: The first multi-disciplinary phase, using a 35 day repeat cycle (14 April 1992-23 December 1993) - Phase D: The second ice phase, using a 3 day repeat cycle (23 December 1993-10 April 1994) - Phase E: The first geodetic phase, using a 172 day repeat cycle (10 April 1994-28 September 1994) - Phase F: The second Geodetic Phase, using a 172 day repeat cycle (28 September 1994-21 March 1995) - Phase G: The second Multi-Disciplinary Phase, using a 35 day repeat cycle (21 March 1995-10 March 2000) In the first half of April 1992, the satellite was operated in a Roll-tilt-mode (RTM) to allow SAR imaging at a different view angle. In fact by rotating the satellite body around its velocity vector (so-called 'Roll-tilt mode') the angle at which all the instruments look at the Earth can be varied. This allows experimentation with the SAR at an incidence angle of 35 degrees instead of the standard 23 degrees, thereby permitting analysis of a totally different set of signatures from objects on the Earth's surface, including in particular vegetation. Related URL: The ERS Missions: http://earth.esa.int/ers ERS-1 Design: http://earth.esa.int/ers/satconc For any query, please refer to: ESA/ESRIN Earth Observation Help Desk http://earth.esa.int Group: Platform_Details Entry_ID: ERS-1 Group: Platform_Identification Platform_Category: Earth Observation Satellites Platform_Series_or_Entity: ERS Earth Resource Satellite Short_Name: ERS-1 Long_Name: European Remote Sensing Satellite-1 End_Group Group: Synonymous_Platform_Names Short_Name: ERS-1 End_Group Group: Platform_Associated_Instruments Short_Name: ATSR Short_Name: RA Short_Name: SAR Short_Name: AMI End_Group Group: Orbit Orbit_Altitude: 782 to 785 km Orbit_Inclination: 98.52 deg Period: 100 min Repeat_Cycle: 3-day, 35-day and 176-day Orbit_Type: LEO > Low Earth Orbit > Polar Sun-Synchronous End_Group Creation_Date: 2007-09-14 Online_Resource: http://earth.esa.int/ers/satconc/ Online_Resource: http://earth.esa.int/ers/ Online_Resource: http://www.astronautix.com/craft/ers12.htm Sample_Image: http://earth.esa.int/icons/eeo/_ers-1_fully_deployed.gif Group: Platform_Logistics Launch_Date: 1991-07-17 Launch_Site: Kourou, French Guiana Design_Life: 2-3 YRS Primary_Sponsor: ESA End_Group End_Group" @default.
• 02cf9879-6863-4349-aee1-e99e1d756fb3 definition "CIESIN developed a data set of country-level population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and corresponding geospatial data products (downscaled grids) for selected years. The methodology used was simple linear downscaling from regions of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) models to all countries. The downscaled population and GDP data represented an initial effort to meet the urgent needs of impacts researchers for country-level data. This work was the first exercise of its kind in downscaling socioeconomic drivers. It was based on the SRES scenarios but produced independently of the SRES report." @default.
• 02d1630b-98b4-43a9-bac7-5c8dee0fceda definition "Welcome to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Web page for the water resources of Alaska; this is your direct link to all kinds of water-resource information. Here you'll find information on Alaska's rivers and streams, ground water, water quality, and many other topics. The USGS operates the most extensive satellite network of stream-gaging stations in the state, many of which form the backbone of flood-warning systems." @default.
• 02d1826b-a34b-4773-a61d-de91677eb8bd definition "https://www.eol.ucar.edu/observing_facilities/nrl-p-3" @default.
• 02d5f6c8-6578-41e7-9219-ef74c30d2bcf definition "On September 24, 2007, Autodesk, Inc. acquired most all of the intellectual property of Mentor Software, Inc. Autodesk, Inc. announced the transaction on September 25, 2007, at the Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial 2007 conference in Victoria, British Columbia, and also announced its intention to donate significant portions of the newly acquired intellectual property to the Open Source Geospatial Foundation. Read the Autodesk, Inc. press release here. Autodesk, Inc. also announced that Norm Olsen, the principal software engineer behind Mentor Software’s products, will become a senior software engineer at Autodesk, Inc. Summary Provided By: http://www.mentorsoftwareinc.com/" @default.
• 02d78090-d0b5-490d-92a8-b593172ab232 definition "Pertaining to open water beyond the continental shelves." @default.
• 02d7bf66-4d7c-426e-b931-e715c286930c definition "The Goals and Objectives were derived from the Sarkar Committee Report and embodied in the IIT Act. In addition to the Sarkar Committee report , the IIT act and the Statutes of the IITs indicate the lines along which IITs should develop. According to these documents IITs are expected: * to be higher technical institutions and research in some branches of Engineering on the lines of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - better known as MIT; * to provide for instruction and research in some branches of Engineering and Technology, Science and Arts for the advancement of learning and dissemination of knowledge in specific branches. Summary Provided By: http://www.iitm.ac.in/The%20Institute/Mission.html" @default.
• 02d92216-70c6-437c-8c15-2b76f2132921 definition "Describes the development, execution and supervision of plans, policies, programs and practices that control, protect, deliver and enhance the value of data. The data handling component refers to the process of ensuring that data is stored, archived, or disposed of in a safe and secure manner during and after the conclusion of a research project and/or data retrieval." @default.
• 02e08d51-9b6b-4412-9119-0a70207f8e87 definition "ASVs are clusters of sequences with 100% identity of both sequence content and length, allowing some modeled error. ASVs are made using denoising methods that generate an error model based on the quality of the sequencing run and use this model to distinguish between the predicted “true” biological variation and that likely generated by sequencing error. The remaining “true” sequences vary from as little as one single nucleotide and are then defined as separate ASVs." @default.
• 02e65d8f-20a1-4b72-82e1-65e39e206100 definition "Steel Measuring Tape is an instrument used for measuring lenght. [Summary provided by ORNL DAAC]" @default.
• 02ea239e-4bca-4fda-ab87-be12c723c30a definition "Properties of aerosol particles including: compositon, size, diameter." @default.
• 02f2a724-87d5-4e4d-bf4b-d02a45c72695 definition "CERES EBAF (Energy Balanced and Filled) TOA Fluxes. Monthly Averages" @default.
• 02f4d8b9-86ac-46ec-a9e1-a5cce72d9bfb definition "Column Integrated Cloud Droplet Number" @default.
• 02f8be65-6bdd-4f4d-9e69-adac5aec33f6 definition "The Ordovician Period lasted almost 45 million years, beginning 488.3 million years ago and ending 443.7 million years ago. During this period, the area north of the tropics was almost entirely ocean, and most of the world's land was collected into the southern supercontinent Gondwana. Throughout the Ordovician, Gondwana shifted towards the South Pole and much of it was submerged underwater. The Ordovician is best known for its diverse marine invertebrates, including graptolites, trilobites, brachiopods, and the conodonts (early vertebrates). A typical marine community consisted of these animals, plus red and green algae, primitive fish, cephalopods, corals, crinoids, and gastropods. More recently, tetrahedral spores that are similar to those of primitive land plants have been found, suggesting that plants invaded the land at this time. From the Lower to Middle Ordovician, the Earth experienced a milder climate — the weather was warm and the atmosphere contained a lot of moisture. However, when Gondwana finally settled on the South Pole during the Upper Ordovician, massive glaciers formed, causing shallow seas to drain and sea levels to drop. This likely caused the mass extinctions that characterize the end of the Ordovician in which 60% of all marine invertebrate genera and 25% of all families went extinct." @default.
• 02fe964a-6cf1-4e91-980a-9aacb1118204 definition "Short Title: HIAA Proposal URL: http://classic.ipy.org/development/eoi/proposal-details.php?id=140 We propose to establish a program to investigate the interactions among aerosols, clouds and precipitation in the Arctic, and the impact of variations and changes in aerosol characteristics on precipitation, snow cover, river flow, permafrost and surface temperature. Observations of increasing precipitation, rising river flow, declining snow cover, and thawing permafrost indicate substantial changes to the Arctic hydrological cycle. Variations and changes in the Arctic hydrological cycle are likely to arise from a complex interplay between natural internal modes of climate variability and anthropogenic activity. Variations in atmospheric aerosol characteristics have the potential to modulate the Arctic hydrological cycle both directly through its impact on precipitation and also indirectly through its impact on temperature. Atmospheric aerosols influence the nucleation of cloud particles, which influences directly the cloud cover and precipitation processes, and hence forces variations in the river runoff, snow cover, permafrost, glacial accumulation, and surface temperature. Biomass burning in the northern forests, pollution aerosol, biogenic aerosol, and desert dust have been proposed as significant sources of Arctic aerosol. During the IPY, we will examine seasonal and regional variations, focusing on the North American Arctic and the Eurasian Arctic land regions. We will establish a multi-disciplinary observing network of atmospheric and surface hydrological observations, integrating existing observations (surface and satellite) and supplementing them with UAV measurements and enhanced surface observations during a special field campaign. Diagnostic and modeling studies will be conducted to document and understand the role of variations of aerosols in influencing variations of the Arctic hydrological cycle, towards predicting these variations and using these predictions in regional decision making. We will attempt to clarify the interactions between warming and variations in aerosol characteristics on the changing Arctic hydrological cycle. The field measurements undertaken during the IPY will be placed in a broader context through the synthesis of recent field observations, regional model development efforts, historical data sets, and global model simulations to assess the current status and research required for substantially improved predictions of Arctic precipitation and an assessment of the role of aerosols in forcing variations in the arctic hydrological cycle. To address this goal, we will conduct the following: i) Statistical analysis of local precipitation variability in the selected basins for the past 50 years, and interpretation of this variability in the context of internal modes of climate variability, local topography, local measurements of aerosol optical depth, and proximity to local sources of air pollution. ii) Application of a mesoscale model with sophisticated cloud microphysical processes to investigate the sensitivity of precipitation amount and phase to aerosol physical and chemical characteristics, to simulate the impact of biomass burning, pollution aerosol, volcanic aerosol, and desert dust. iv) Application of winter/spring mesoscale simulations using varying aerosol characteristics to force the Catchment-based land Surface Model (CLSM) in the selected basins to assess the impact of aerosol variations on runoff, timing of snow melt, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and permafrost. v) Assessment of the potential for seasonal and subseasonal predictability of snow melt and permafrost thaw and the disappearance of the snow roads." @default.
• 0302cbce-4ce3-45f0-9d26-05d14bb4ad38 definition "The NCEI Ocean Climate Laboratory Team (OCL) works to improve NCEI's oceanographic data archives through scientific analyses, developing and improving annual, seasonal, and monthly regional ocean climatologies, investigating interannual-to-decadal ocean climate variability, building scientifically, quality-controlled global oceanographic databases, and facilitating international exchange of oceanographic data." @default.
• 0303de56-025a-416c-8a2e-ac14979dc455 definition "[Source: INPE CBERS home page, http://www.cbers.inpe.br/] The first satellite to be developed, CBERS-1, was launched with great success by the Chinese Long March 4B launcher, from the Taiyuan Launch Base, on Oct. 14, 1999. Launch occurred at 1:15 AM (Brasilia local time). Two modules compose the satellite. The first one is the payload module, where 3 cameras are located (CCD Camera, IRMSS Camera and WFI Camera) and a Transponder for the Brazilian Environmental Data Collection System. The second one is the service module, containing the equipment for power supply, control, telecommunications and remaining functions necessary to the satellite operation. Its orbit is Helios-synchronous, at a 778 km altitude. It performs about 14 revolutions a day and obtains a complete coverage of the Earth in 26 days. Group: Platform_Details Entry_ID: CBERS-1 Group: Platform_Identification Platform_Category: Earth Observation Satellites Platform_Series_or_Entity: CBERS (China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite) Short_Name: CBERS-1 Long_Name: China-Brazil Earth Resource Satellite 1 End_Group Group: Synonymous_Platform_Names Short_Name: SJ 3 Short_Name: Shijian 3 Short_Name: 25940 End_Group Group: Platform_Associated_Instruments Short_Name: HRCCD Short_Name: WFI (CBERS 1,2) Short_Name: IRMSS End_Group Group: Orbit Orbit_Inclination: 98.6° Period: 99.6 minutes Perigee: 733.0 km Apogee: 745.0 km Orbit_Type: LEO > Low Earth Orbit > Polar Sun-Synchronous End_Group Creation_Date: 2007-08-29 Online_Resource: http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/database/MasterCatalog?sc=1999-057A Online_Resource: http://www.cbers.inpe.br/ Sample_Image: http://www.skyrocket.de/space/img_sat/cbers-1__1.jpg Group: Platform_Logistics Launch_Date: 1999-10-14 Launch_Site: Taiyuan Space Launch Center, China Primary_Sponsor: Brazil Primary_Sponsor: China End_Group End_Group" @default.
• 03143a81-5fc4-4762-bf1e-e39e60970f09 definition "[Source: National Space Science Data Center, http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentDisplay.do?id=1972-089A-02 ] Supplementary Sensor E (SSE) was a vertical temperature profile radiometer. The objective of this experiment was to obtain vertical temperature and water vapor profiles of the atmosphere to support Department of Defense requirements in operational weather analysis and forecasting. The SSE was an eigth-channel sensor with six channels (668.5, 677, 695, 708, 725, and 747 cm-1) in the carbon dioxide 15 micrometer absorption band, one channel (535 cm-1) in a water vapor absorption band, and one channel (835 cm-1) in the 11 micrometer atmospheric window. The experiment consisted of an optical system, detector and associated electronics, and a scanning mirror. The scanning mirror stepped across the satellite subtrack, allowing the SSE to view 25 separate columns of the atmosphere every 32 sec over a cross track ground swath of 185 km. While the scanning mirror was stopped at a scene station, the channel filters were totaled through the field of view. The surface resolution of the SSE was approximately 37 km at nadir. The carbon dioxide band radiation data were transformed to a temperature profile by a mathematical inversion technique. By a similar technique, this information could be combined with water vapor band data to obtain a water vapor profile. Identical experiments have been flown on all DMSP spacecraft launched since 1972. Group: Instrument_Details Entry_ID: VTPR Group: Instrument_Identification Instrument_Category: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments Instrument_Class: Passive Remote Sensing Instrument_Type: Profilers/Sounders Short_Name: VTPR Long_Name: Vertical Temperature Profile Radiometer End_Group Group: Associated_Platforms Short_Name: DMSP 5B/F3 End_Group Group: Spectral_Frequency_Information Wavelength_Keyword: Infrared > Thermal Number_Channels: 8 Spectral_Frequency_Coverage_Range: 15 μm End_Group Group: Spectral_Frequency_Information Wavelength_Keyword: Infrared > Thermal Number_Channels: 1 Spectral_Frequency_Coverage_Range: 11 μm End_Group Online_Resource: http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentDisplay.do?id=1972-089A-02 Creation_Date: 2008-09-26 Group: Instrument_Logistics Instrument_Owner: Department of Defense-Department of the Air Force (United States) End_Group End_Group" @default.
• 0317caf8-af0a-4abe-89fb-fd1d9c33b9e7 definition "A measure of a rock's ability to hold a fluid. Mathematically, porosity is the open space in a rock divided by the total rock volume (solid + space or holes). Porosity is normally expressed as a percentage of the total rock which is taken up by pore space." @default.
• 031f34d4-75e5-4c85-a54b-be8e760d7a39 definition "EPA and the states (usually the State Department of Agriculture) register or license pesticides for use in the United States. In addition, anyone planning to import pesticides for use in the U.S. must notify EPA. EPA receives its authority to register pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). EPA's Pesticides work crosses many programs within EPA. The Office of Pesticide Programs along with the Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) work with 10 Regional Offices and other EPA program offices on a wide range of Pesticide issues and topics, such as: -Evaluating Potential New Pesticides and Uses -Providing for Special Local Needs and Emergency Situations -Reviewing Safety of Older Pesticides -Registering Pesticide Producing Establishments -Enforcing Pesticide Requirements Website: 'http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/' [Summary provided by the EPA.]" @default.
• 0321165e-270b-4795-a3f5-cc35add8f147 definition "CGD pursues research as part of the Earth and Sun Systems Laboratory (ESSL) at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). CGD research provides understanding of the Earth's climate system and uses models to develop the capability of predicting the evolution of the climate system to the degree possible. Research within CGD is highly collaborative, with specialties focussed in six major research sections and one for information systems which administers CGD's computing needs. Summary Provided by: http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/about/" @default.
• 032d5a46-7a5e-46d2-ae07-034e59a611b4 definition "Solrad 7A Characteristics: Designation: 00730 / 64001D Launch date: 11 Jan 1964 Country of origin: United States Mission: Scientific Perigee/Apogee: 900/921 km Inclination: 69.9 degrees Period: 103.2 min Launch vehicle: Thor Agena Launch site: Vandenberg Group: Platform_Details Entry_ID: SOLRAD-7A Group: Platform_Identification Platform_Category: Solar/Space Observation Satellites Platform_Series_or_Entity: SOLRAD Short_Name: SOLRAD-7A Long_Name: Solar Radiation-7A End_Group Group: Synonymous_Platform_Names Short_Name: solrad-7a End_Group Group: Platform_Associated_Instruments Short_Name: SXP End_Group Group: Orbit Orbit_Inclination: 69.9 degrees Period: 103.2 minutes Perigee: 900 km Apogee: 921 km End_Group Creation_Date: 2008-01-14 Online_Resource: http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentDisplay.do?id=1964-001D-01 Group: Platform_Logistics Launch_Date: 1964-01-11 Launch_Site: Vandenberg Air Force Base, USA Primary_Sponsor: NASA End_Group End_Group" @default.
• 033beec7-15e3-4452-b06f-c5389a3c04dd definition "Tendency of Specific Humidity" @default.
• 033c6854-b6b0-47b7-b41d-6c482932f336 definition "DECK: spin-up portion of the control (CMIP5-era pre-industrial forcing)" @default.
• 033de0f0-b76d-4944-8744-dafc735ca73f definition "Welcome to the Tacoma Public Library! As one of the most important educational and cultural institutions in the city, the Tacoma Public Library is an essential resource for the residents of the city of Tacoma. Who uses the Library? Everyone. There is hardly an institution in Tacoma that affects more lives than the Tacoma Public Library … the possibilities are endless. No matter where you are, or what time of day it is, library access is available either at a local library or through this website. The best place to start ... Get your Tacoma Public Library card! Here you can learn everything you need to know about taking full advantage of the library's many services, programs and resources! Summary provided by http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/Page.aspx?nid=8" @default.
• 03497a74-694e-4d16-992d-92cdde0fe258 definition "initialized near end of year 1989" @default.
• 034a82a9-1dfc-4648-91fd-94aa6f8ed56f definition "A fishing vessel built in 1979 by MARINE INDUSTRIES NORTHWEST - TACOMA WA, U.S.A.. Currently sailing under the flag of United States (USA). It's gross tonnage is 199 tons." @default.
• 0353603c-a179-41d3-bd20-c97c140d2167 definition "A fixed ocean platform that takes observations below the water surface or at the ocean floor." @default.
• 035bf1b5-8110-4b2f-a91e-7f86070f9a93 definition "[Source: CNES Home Page, http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-en/5046-icare.php ] For more than 40 years, satellites have been monitoring clouds, aerosols, solar radiation and the water cycle, providing researchers with vast amounts of data to sift through and analyse. With the A-Train constellation of 5 Earth-observation satellites1 dedicated to studying the atmosphere and the water cycle, this stream of data is increasing. The Icare research structure aims to provide shared access to these data so that the scientific community can exploit them fully. Icare was set up in 2003 by CNES, CNRS2, INSU3 and USTL4, with backing from the Nord Pas-de-Calais Regional Council and the European Union, to create new momentum for the efforts of French laboratories studying atmospheric phenomena. Icare manages products derived from A-Train data, as well as from previous missions like ScaRaB and Polder. It also processes data from weather satellites like Meteosat and MSG, which provide a broad spectrum of complementary observations. The Icare research structure’s dedicated Data Management and Processing Centre (DMPC), operational since 2005, is responsible for getting synthesis products quickly to scientists. The DMPC processes and distributes data, particularly to research centres working on clouds, aerosols, radiation and the water cycle." @default.
• 035c9893-cbe4-4c38-8a96-b99f245c2c60 definition "Mountains are the natural water towers of the world, but Earth System Models (ESMs) have persistently been unable to predict the timing and availability of water resources from mountains. The source(s) of model error are difficult to isolate in complex terrain with limited atmospheric or land-surface observations. Further complications arise from the gross scale mismatch between ESM grid box sizes and the relevant scales of mountainous hydrological processes. The mountain hydrometeorology community has repeatedly called for integrated atmospheric and surface observations of water and energy budgets in complex terrain that span these scales to establish benchmarks against which scale-dependent models can be developed. In response to these calls, the Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) will make measurements using the second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2) and a scanning X-band dual polarimetric radar near Crested Butte, Colorado. The campaign will focus on the East River Watershed, which is a 300-km2 mountainous watershed that is part of the Upper Colorado River Basin. SAIL will advance atmosphere-through-bedrock understanding of mountainous water cycles by collocating ARM atmospheric observations with long-standing collaborative resources including the ongoing surface and subsurface hydrologic observations from the Department of Energy’s Watershed Function Science Focus Area (SFA). The main science goal of the SAIL campaign is to develop a quantitative understanding of the atmosphere and land-atmosphere interaction processes, at their relevant scales, that impact mountain hydrology in the midlatitude continental interior of the United States." @default.
• 0363ce5b-71d0-4f43-8f6c-6a86c8b7af47 definition "NASA GPCP prepared for FROGS" @default.

• first
• previous
• next