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- W1968045384 abstract "Peripheral arterial disease generally results from atherosclerotic occlusion of the lower-limb arteries. Other causes (trauma, arteritis, and arterial entrapments) will not be discussed here. The aetiological factors for peripheral arterial disease are similar to those for ischaemic heart disease, but their relative influence differs. Smoking is the most important factor. Most patients attending hospital with symptoms of peripheral arterial disease have a history of smoking. 1 Fowkes FGR Epidemiology of atherosclerotic arterial disease in the lower limbs. Eur J Vasc Surg. 1988; 2: 283-291 Summary Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (135) Google Scholar In longitudinal population studies, around 80% of cases of intermittent claudication are associated with smoking. 2 Kannel WB Shurtleff D The Framingham study: cigarettes and the development of intermittent claudication. Geriatrics. 1973; 28: 61-68 PubMed Google Scholar Diabetes mellitus is a particularly important risk factor for severe ischaemia and amputation, since it is frequently associated with distal disease less suitable for arterial reconstruction. Some studies have found that both hypertension and high serum cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of peripheral arterial disease; 3 Hughson WG Mann JI Garrod A Intermittent claudication: prevalence and risk factors. BMJ. 1978; i: 1379-1381 Crossref Scopus (260) Google Scholar others have not. 4 Reunanen A Takkunen H Aromaa A Prevalence of intermittent claudication and its effect on mortality. Acta Med Scand. 1982; 211: 249-256 Crossref PubMed Scopus (263) Google Scholar High serum fibrinogen and raised packed-cell volume have been found in patients with peripheral arterial disease; however, both findings may be secondary to the effects of smoking. 1 Fowkes FGR Epidemiology of atherosclerotic arterial disease in the lower limbs. Eur J Vasc Surg. 1988; 2: 283-291 Summary Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (135) Google Scholar" @default.
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- W1968045384 date "1997-11-01" @default.
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- W1968045384 title "Lower-limb arterial disease" @default.
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- W1968045384 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(97)07421-7" @default.
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