Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W3046924712> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W3046924712 endingPage "1054" @default.
- W3046924712 startingPage "1021" @default.
- W3046924712 abstract "Abstract The polymetamorphosed Swartberg Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag deposit in the Namaqua Metamorphic Province of South Africa is a major metal producer in the region, yet its genesis remains poorly understood. The deposit comprises several stratiform to stratabound units, namely the Lower Orebody and Dark Quartzite, the overlying Barite Unit, and the Upper Orebody, all of which are folded by an F2 isoclinal syncline and refolded by an open F3 synform. A discordant Garnet Quartzite unit surrounds the Upper Orebody in the F2 hinge, where it overprints the Lower Orebody and Barite Unit. The Lower Orebody comprises sulfidic, pelitic lenses with fine-grained pyrite, sphalerite, galena, and lesser pyrrhotite, hosted by sulfide-poor but magnetite- and barite-bearing siliceous rock. The overlying Barite Unit is poorly mineralized and grades from massive magnetite-barite close to the F2 hinge to distal laminated baritic schist and quartzite. The Dark Quartzite is the stratigraphic equivalent of the Lower Orebody and Barite Unit but comprises siliceous quartzite and schist, with lenses of conglomerate and minor Fe-Mn-Zn phases. The Upper Orebody displays rapid zonations from massive magnetite-rich iron formation in the F2 hinge, rich in coarse galena, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite, to sulfide-poor, magnetite-bearing schist and quartzite. The Garnet Quartzite is dominated by quartz and almandine garnet and mineralized with pyrite and chalcopyrite. Geochemical discriminant plots show that the Lower Orebody has a significant detrital component, whereas the Upper Orebody and Barite Unit are strongly zoned, with the greatest chemogenic component close to the F2 hinge. This corresponds to a deposit-scale metal zonation from the Cu-rich F2 hinge to more Pb- and then Zn-dominated areas. Mineral assemblages and paleoredox proxies suggest generally oxic conditions, with a more reduced signature close to the hinge and in the sulfidic Lower Orebody lenses. The Lower Orebody is interpreted as a mixed chemogenic-pelitic unit, with sulfides deposited on or near the seafloor during stage 1 hydrothermal activity. The sulfidic lenses formed from fine mud and clay deposited in quiet seafloor depressions, in which warm, dense, reducing, Pb-Zn-Ba–rich stage 1 brines accumulated, while the siliceous portions formed from higher-energy clastic sediments on aerated seafloor highs. The Barite Unit forms a baritic cap to the Lower Orebody, while the Dark Quartzite is their shallower-water equivalent. Thereafter, clastic sediment with lesser hydrothermal input was deposited during stage 2a exhalations, forming the poorly mineralized portions of the Upper Orebody. During stage 2b hydrothermal activity, hot Cu-Fe–rich fluids invaded part of the Upper Orebody, creating the highly chemogenic protolith to the well-mineralized, magnetite-rich portion. Associated hydrothermal alteration in a discordant subseafloor feeder zone created the Garnet Quartzite protolith. The F2 hinge thus corresponds closely to the original vent zone. Swartberg therefore resembles a deformed and metamorphosed Selwyn-type sedimentary exhalative deposit, with both proximal- (Upper Orebody, Garnet Quartzite) and distal-style (Lower Orebody) mineralization. The close association of these styles suggests that differences in the mineralizing fluids and depositional environment, rather than proximity to a vent, determine the deposit style." @default.
- W3046924712 created "2020-08-10" @default.
- W3046924712 creator A5084607714 @default.
- W3046924712 creator A5090600312 @default.
- W3046924712 date "2020-08-01" @default.
- W3046924712 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3046924712 title "A Multistage Genetic Model for the Metamorphosed Mesoproterozoic Swartberg Base Metal Deposit, Aggeneys-Gamsberg Ore District, South Africa" @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1894187699 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1968785366 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1969630057 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1979727721 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1979759347 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1982626311 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1990589826 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1993022799 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1993790463 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1999353682 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W1999510688 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2003882458 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2004157689 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2005192427 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2010714875 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2012118194 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2013893605 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2018875630 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2023995086 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2024417635 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2027433534 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2041301355 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2041997393 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2045155289 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2050670879 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2051700293 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2057391595 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2058641731 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2061881401 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2067532303 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2067814411 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2075049787 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2082972472 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2084015654 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2084254634 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2085992674 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2090645415 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2092643503 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2095957770 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2097202245 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2099072504 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2100001619 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2100411277 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2106826697 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2112337340 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2115271010 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2120038794 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2125444916 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2152532434 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2155152571 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2157813273 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2158816656 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2165367870 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2168225982 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2185736476 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2318245653 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2318796451 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2485245005 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2559790534 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2594999869 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W263901215 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2737975958 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2760977066 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2789935059 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2798246722 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2975847447 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W2993381367 @default.
- W3046924712 cites W4253094019 @default.
- W3046924712 doi "https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4725" @default.
- W3046924712 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
- W3046924712 type Work @default.
- W3046924712 sameAs 3046924712 @default.
- W3046924712 citedByCount "8" @default.
- W3046924712 countsByYear W30469247122020 @default.
- W3046924712 countsByYear W30469247122021 @default.
- W3046924712 countsByYear W30469247122022 @default.
- W3046924712 countsByYear W30469247122023 @default.
- W3046924712 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W3046924712 hasAuthorship W3046924712A5084607714 @default.
- W3046924712 hasAuthorship W3046924712A5090600312 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C101139013 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C127313418 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C17409809 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C178790620 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C185592680 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C199289684 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C26687426 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C2776062231 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C2776268066 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C2777163820 @default.
- W3046924712 hasConcept C2778188036 @default.