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• W3149964805 abstract "Abstract Analysis of the genome sequence of Vibrioparahaemolyticus reveals two IcmF family genes in puta-tive type VI secretion system (vpT6SS) clusters in chro-mosomes 1 (icmF1) and 2 (icmF2). The icmF1 gene ispresent in majority of clinical isolates (87.5 %), but has alow fraction (25.0 %) in environmental isolates. However,icmF2 is contained in all strains of both clinical andenvironmental sources. Deletion of either icmF1 or hcp1significantly reduced bacterial adhesion to Caco-2 cellsor HeLa monolayers. However, the DicmF2 and Dhcp2mutants showed decreased adhesion only to HeLa mono-layers. Western blot analysis showed that Hcp2 was presentboth in the supernatant and pellet samples in the wild-typestrain, but only in the pellet of the DicmF2 mutant, indi-cating that Hcp2 is a translocon of T6SS2. AlthoughvpT6SS1 might be functional in cellular adhesion, theputative translocon Hcp1 was not detectable. QuantitativePCR revealed 10-fold and 17-fold less transcripts of hcp1and icmF1 mRNA than those of hcp2 and icmF2 accord-ingly. Thus, we postulate that the putative vpT6SS systemscontribute to adhesion of V. parahaemolyticus to host cells.Keywords Vibrio parahaemolyticus Type VI secretionsystem AdhesionIntroductionVibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophilic bacterium in marineenvironments, is the leading cause of gastroenteritis inhumansinChinaduetoconsumptionofraworunder-cookedseafood. The virulence factors include thermostable directhemolysin (TDH), TDH-related hemolysin (TRH), and typeIII secretion system (T3SS) (Kaper et al. 1984; Nishibuchiet al. 1986; Park et al. 2004). Most clinical isolates ofV. parahaemolyticus exhibit Kanagawa phenomenon (KP)inducedbyTDHonWagatsumaagarmedium;however,only1–3 % of the environmental isolates are KP positive (Shiraiet al. 1990; Lozano-Leo´n et al. 2003; Robert-Pillot et al.2004). TDH causes several cytotoxic effects, such as eryth-rocyte lysis, disruption of the microtubule cytoskeleton, andion influx into cultured cells (Honda et al. 1988; Raimondiet al. 2000). Both T3SS1 and T3SS2 are identified as viru-lence factors. T3SS1 is present in all strains, contributes tocytotoxicityinHeLacells,andinducesautophagy(Parketal.2004;Burdetteetal.2008).T3SS2,however,isfoundonlyintdh- or trh-positive strains, and cytotoxic to Caco-2 cells andintestines (Park et al. 2004; Okada et al. 2009).IcmF, a gene encoding the intracellular multiplicationfactor (IcmF), was first studied in Legionella pneumophilaas part of the Dot/Icm cluster of genes that form type IVsecretion system (T4SS) involved in host cell killing andintracellular multiplication (Purcell and Shuman 1998;" @default.
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• W3149964805 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W3149964805 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3149964805 title "Putative type VI secretion systems of Vibrio parahaemolyticus contribute to adhesion to cultured cell monolayers" @default.
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