Matches in Ubergraph for { ?s <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBPROP_0000008> ?o ?g. }
- UBERON_0013427 UBPROP_0000008 "Occipital buns are important in scientific descriptions of classic Neanderthal crania. While common among many of mankind's ancestors, primarily robust relatives rather than gracile, the protrusion is relatively rare in modern Homo sapiens.." @default.
- UBERON_0013447 UBPROP_0000008 "Skulls of some dinosaur species, including tyrannosaurs, possessed well developed sagittal crests. Among mammals, dogs, cats, lions, and many other carnivores have sagittal crests, as do some leaf eaters, including tapirs and some apes. Sagittal crests are found in robust great apes, and some early hominins. Prominent sagittal crests are found among male gorillas and orangutans, and do occur but only rarely in male chimpanzees such as Bili Apes" @default.
- UBERON_0013448 UBPROP_0000008 "Sagittal keels occur in Homo erectus and occasionally Homo heidelbergensis, where they probably served as an armour against shock to the roof of the skull, and as the attachment point for the temporalis muscles. Most Homo sapiens lost them likely as part of the general trend toward thinning of the cranial bones during the Pleistocene, to make room for larger brains. However there is a very small portion of modern humans who have this, but its function and etiology are unknown. Patrick Stewart of Star Trek and the martial artist Shi Yan Ming present good examples of modern humans with this feature." @default.
- UBERON_0013471 UBPROP_0000008 "Retromolar gap is found in some Neandertals because they had midfacial prognathism. This caused the lower toothrow to move forward, which led to the retromolar gap.." @default.
- UBERON_0013477 UBPROP_0000008 "Baleen whales have two blowholes positioned in a V-shape while toothed whales have only one blowhole. The blowhole of a sperm whale, a toothed whale, is located left of centre in the frontal area of the snout, and is actually its left nostril, while the right nostril lacks an opening to the surface despite the fact that its nasal passage is otherwise well developed." @default.
- UBERON_0013478 UBPROP_0000008 "In avians the polycryptic cecal tissue is similar to the mammalian palatine tonsil" @default.
- UBERON_0013495 UBPROP_0000008 "Porcupines' quills, or spines, take on various forms, depending on the species, but all are modified hairs coated with thick plates of keratin, and they are embedded in the skin musculature. Old World porcupines (Hystricidae) have quills embedded in clusters, whereas in New World porcupines (Erethizontidae), single quills are interspersed with bristles, underfur and hair." @default.
- UBERON_0013527 UBPROP_0000008 "In a humpback the number of tubercles ranges from 9 to 11, with the first at the joint between the radius and metacarpal of digit II (with digit I absent)" @default.
- UBERON_0013587 UBPROP_0000008 "In many artiodactyls, the 3rd & 4th metapodials are fused, creating a main metapodial." @default.
- UBERON_0013588 UBPROP_0000008 "In many artiodactyls, the 3rd & 4th metapodials are fused, creating a main metapodial." @default.
- UBERON_0013598 UBPROP_0000008 "most vertebrates have at least one AON. Mammals have 4.[ISBN:0471888893]" @default.
- UBERON_0013638 UBPROP_0000008 "In carnivores, functions to hold on to meat as it is being cut by the teeth" @default.
- UBERON_0013643 UBPROP_0000008 "In the Entoprocta the anus is within the ring of the lophophore" @default.
- UBERON_0013655 UBPROP_0000008 "The notochordal sheath in amphioxus has a complex three-layered organization with the outer, middle and inner layer The outer and middle layer are composed of collagen fibers of different thickness and course, that correspond to collagen type I and collagen type III in vertebrates, respectively, and the inner layer is amorphous, resembles basal lamina, and is closely attached to the notochord by hemidesmosome junctions." @default.
- UBERON_0013739 UBPROP_0000008 "Clearly defined prolifieration zones found in mammals. Not observed in agnathostomes, larval amphibians. Described in advanced species of fish and adult amphibians." @default.
- UBERON_0013771 UBPROP_0000008 "In mammals with multiple pairs of nipples, this line is only applicable for laterally homologous nipples" @default.
- UBERON_0014388 UBPROP_0000008 "In mouse, the mature and differentiated CD epithelium comprises two unique cells types with principal cells responsible for vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption, and intercalated cells regulating acid-base homeostasis; injury to the epithelium is believed to cause epithelial cells to acquire mesenchymal characteristics via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process through which tubular epithelial cells may transform into interstitial fibroblasts and promote renal fibrosis" @default.
- UBERON_0014391 UBPROP_0000008 "in mice these are the only sweat glands present" @default.
- UBERON_0014410 UBPROP_0000008 "variant structure in human" @default.
- UBERON_0014450 UBPROP_0000008 "in hagfishes, there are two: the pretectal nucleus and the nucleus of the posterior commissure[ISBN:0471888893]" @default.
- UBERON_0014485 UBPROP_0000008 "the bottommost bone in the equine leg and is encased by the hoof capsule. The distal phalanx articulates with both the middle phalanx and the distal sesamoid, forming the distal interphalangeal joint[Wikipedia:Coffin_bone]" @default.
- UBERON_0014506 UBPROP_0000008 "In Equidae, this is known as the coffin joint, and is the articulation between the short pastern bone (P2) and the coffin bone (P3 / distal phalanx)" @default.
- UBERON_0014526 UBPROP_0000008 "the streaming fibers of the anterior internal capsule separate the caudate nucleus and putamen in the human brain (in the mouse brain the caudoputamen is continuous)[ISBN:0123813611]" @default.
- UBERON_0014568 UBPROP_0000008 "According to Hayakawa and Zuo (1983), the TDD cannot be clearly identified in the tree shrew or in human" @default.
- UBERON_0014569 UBPROP_0000008 "According to Hayakawa and Zuo (1983), the TDV cannot be clearly identified in the tree shrew or in human" @default.
- UBERON_0014631 UBPROP_0000008 "It is identified by Nissl stain and found in the human ( Crosby-1962 ) and the rat ( Swanson-2004 )." @default.
- UBERON_0014733 UBPROP_0000008 "Because of the phyletic continuity of the DVR in living reptiles and birds, and its numerous similarities in topography, histology, and connections in these two groups, there is little question that the DVR of reptiles and birds is homologous as a telencephalic neural center. In contrast, the telencephalon in living mammals does not appear to have a DVR. It has been suggested, however, that their predecessors did have such a ridge, and that its cells migrated to the surface of the telencephalon during development to form part of the cerebral cortices which characterize all living mammals (Karten, 1969, 1991)[http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/743.full]" @default.
- UBERON_0014763 UBPROP_0000008 "The cannon bone of the 3-toed jerboa (jaculus jaculus) is the postnatal fusion of the 3 central metatarsals, which are distinct ossified elements prenatally" @default.
- UBERON_0014770 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans, the eyelids are supplied with blood by two arches on each upper and lower lid. The arches are formed by anastamoses of the lateral palpebral arteries and medial palpebral arteries, branching off from the lacrimal artery and ophthalmic artery, respectively. In amphibians, the eyelids may be supplied by branches of the lateral pretrosal arteries.[cjm]" @default.
- UBERON_0015019 UBPROP_0000008 "Humans have 24 ribs (12 pairs). The first seven sets of ribs, known as 'true ribs', are directly attached to the sternum through the costal cartilage. The following five sets are known as 'false ribs', three of these sharing a common cartilaginous connection to the sternum, while the last two (eleventh and twelfth ribs) are termed floating ribs (costae fluitantes) or vertebral ribs. They are attached to the vertebrae only, and not to the sternum or cartilage coming off of the sternum. Some people are missing one of the two pairs of floating ribs, while others have a third pair. Rib removal is the surgical excision of ribs for therapeutic or cosmetic reasons. In fish, there are often two sets of ribs attached to the vertebral column. One set, the dorsal ribs, are found in the dividing septum between the upper and lower parts of the main muscle segments, projecting roughly sideways from the vertebral column. The second set, of ventral ribs arise from the vertebral column just below the dorsal ribs, and enclose the lower body, often joining at the tips. Not all species possess both types of rib, with the dorsal ribs being most commonly absent. Sharks, for example, have no dorsal ribs, and only very short ventral ribs, while lampreys have no ribs at all. In some teleosts, there may be additional rib-like bones within the muscle mass. Tetrapods, however, only ever have a single set of ribs which are probably homologous with the dorsal ribs of fishes. In the early tetrapods, every vertebra bore a pair of ribs, although those on the thoracic vertebrae are typically the longest. The sacral ribs were stout and short, since they formed part of the pelvis, connecting the backbone to the hip bones.[1] In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilagenous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis.[1]. In birds, ribs are present as distinct bones only on the thoracic region, although small fused ribs are present on the cervical vertebrae. The thoracic ribs of birds possess a wide projection to the rear; this uncinate process is an attachment for the shoulder muscles.[1]. Mammals usually also only have distinct ribs on the thoracic vertebra, although fixed cervical ribs are also present in monotremes. In marsupials and placental mammals, the cervical and lumbar ribs are found only as tiny remnants fused to the vertebrae, where they are referred to as transverse processes. In general, the structure and number of the true ribs in humans is similar to that in other mammals. Unlike reptiles, caudal ribs are never found in mammals." @default.
- UBERON_0015151 UBPROP_0000008 "Typically a single duct per gland, but Harderian glands can have more than 1 duct, e.g. in lizards, amphisbaenids and primitive snakes (Bellairs & Boyd, 1947) and possibly some avian species (Burns, 1992)" @default.
- UBERON_0015152 UBPROP_0000008 "the only orbital gland found in anuran amphibians is either the Harderian or the lacrimal; if it is a lacrimal, then a progressive lateral migration of the lacrimal glands must occur through the amniotes[PMID:7559104]" @default.
- UBERON_0015152 UBPROP_0000008 "the only orbital gland found in anuran amphibians is the Harderian[PMID:8843648]" @default.
- UBERON_0015153 UBPROP_0000008 "Rabbits, pigs and Mongolian gerbils have both a Harderian and a nictitans gland[ISBN:1118473523]" @default.
- UBERON_0015153 UBPROP_0000008 "the distinction between Harderian and nictitans gland is only valid in mammals - the medial ocular glands in other terapods are called Harderian glands regardless of their secretion[DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-76685-5_2]" @default.
- UBERON_0015202 UBPROP_0000008 "Caecilians posses a lymph heart at every segment boundary thus having up to 200 in number." @default.
- UBERON_0015227 UBPROP_0000008 "See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20235196 for discussion of whether embryonic vertebrate heart is peristaltic" @default.
- UBERON_0015241 UBPROP_0000008 "In lampreys and apparently in some fossil fish, the parapineal body and the pineal body (epiphysis) are a bilateral pair of structures rather than being located in series, one in front of the other. A pair of visual structures may have been the ancestral condition of this pineal complex (Weichert, 1970, p.622). The parapineal organs of lampreys, tadpoles, and lizards possess cells similar to rods and cones. Frogs possess a brow spot or frontal organ where ancestral pineal eye might have been (Weichert, 1970, p.622)" @default.
- UBERON_0015246 UBPROP_0000008 "This olfactory apparatus has been observed in many mammals, including rat, mouse, hamster, deer mouse, rabbit, opossum, guinea pig, bandicoot, and koala (Rodolfo-Masera 1943; Adams and McFarland 1971; Bojsen-Moller 1975; Katz and Merzel 1977; Breipohl et al. 1983, 1989; Kratzing 1984a, 1984b; Taniguchi et al. 1993), but not in cat (Breipohl et al. 1983) or ferret (Weiler and Farbman 2003)" @default.
- UBERON_0015871 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans, these comprise three groups: (a) infraorbital or maxillary, scattered over the infraorbital region from the groove between the nose and cheek to the zygomatic arch; (b) buccinator, one or more placed on the Buccinator opposite the angle of the mouth; (c) supramandibular, on the outer surface of the mandible, in front of the Masseter and in contact with the external maxillary artery and anterior facial vein." @default.
- UBERON_0016491 UBPROP_0000008 "The vertebral centrum may be cartilaginous, develop as cartilage but be replaced by bone or mineralized, or form directly through intramembranous ossification." @default.
- UBERON_0016882 UBPROP_0000008 "The ankle joint of pseudosuchians (including crocodilians) and phytosaurs, passing between the astragalus and calcaneum, is also called crurotarsal joint in the literature.[5][6] In the skeletons of the phytosaurs and most of the pseudosuchians this joint bends around a peg on the astragalus which fits into a socket in the calcaneum (the 'crocodile normal' tarsus); only in the skeletons of the ornithosuchid pseudosuchians a peg on the calcaneum fits into a socket in the astragalus (the 'crocodile reversed' tarsus).[3] Strictly speaking this ankle isn't a crurotarsal joint in the previously discussed sense, as it's situated between the two proximal tarsal bones. However, while calcaneum isn't fixed to the fibula, the astragalus is fixed to the tibia by a suture and thus in practice it functions as an extension of the crus.[7]" @default.
- UBERON_0017249 UBPROP_0000008 "in Squamates" @default.
- UBERON_0017639 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans, present in month 3-7 pc." @default.
- UBERON_0017653 UBPROP_0000008 "The intermaxillary gland is the first salivary gland to appear in the vertebrate evolution. Its duct system is uniformly lined by ciliated cells and scattered secretory cells. This indicates that in the evolution, of salivary glands, there was a diversification of the duct system, together with progressxve concentration of secretory cells in special áreas of this system" @default.
- UBERON_0017749 UBPROP_0000008 "The withers in horses are formed by the dorsal spinal processes of roughly the 3rd through 11th thoracic vertebrae (most horses have 18 thoracic vertebrae), which are unusually long in this area. The processes at the withers can be more than 12 inches (30 cm) long." @default.
- UBERON_0018107 UBPROP_0000008 "in humans is approximately 0.35 mm in diameter" @default.
- UBERON_0018132 UBPROP_0000008 "The platypus uses its tail for storage of fat reserves (an adaptation also found in animals such as the Tasmanian devil and fat-tailed sheep)" @default.
- UBERON_0018143 UBPROP_0000008 "May be homologous with the cervical ribs of some vertebrates" @default.
- UBERON_0018144 UBPROP_0000008 "May be homologous with the transverse processes of cervical vertebra" @default.
- UBERON_0018145 UBPROP_0000008 "May be homologous with the transverse processes of lumbar vertebra" @default.
- UBERON_0018146 UBPROP_0000008 "May be homologous with the lumbar ribs of some vertebrates" @default.
- UBERON_0018152 UBPROP_0000008 "Size varies across mammals, with the sheep pars flaccida larger than the human" @default.
- UBERON_0018240 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans, the platysma has features of the panniculaus carnosus[ISBN:0123813611]." @default.
- UBERON_0018244 UBPROP_0000008 "apparently absent in polyprotodont species (Didelphidae, Dasyuridae, Thylacinidae, Notoryctidae, Peramelidae, and Caenolestidae); paired lobes found in diprotodont (Burramyidae, Petauridae, Phalangeridae, Phascolarctidae, and Tarsipedidae)[DOI:10.1071/ZO9730285]" @default.
- UBERON_0018250 UBPROP_0000008 "In Cavio cobaya, arises from the external carotid or distal half of the common carotid artery, passed the thyroid gland cranially or penetrated it to terminate in the inferior laryngeal artery" @default.
- UBERON_0018251 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans, any of several veins that accompany the meningeal arteries, communicate with the sinuses of the dura mater and diploic veins, and drain into the regional veins outside the cranial vault." @default.
- UBERON_0018252 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans, they begin in the deep veins of the penis which issue from the corpus cavernosum penis, accompany the internal pudendal artery, and unite to form a single vessel, which ends in the internal iliac vein. They receive the veins from the urethral bulb, and the perineal and inferior hemorrhoidal veins" @default.
- UBERON_0018267 UBPROP_0000008 "In extant taxa this is restricted to some members of Caudata" @default.
- UBERON_0018277 UBPROP_0000008 "in lepidosaurs, a true tooth that is shed soon after hatching" @default.
- UBERON_0018278 UBPROP_0000008 "found in Archosaurs and monotreames" @default.
- UBERON_0018314 UBPROP_0000008 "found primarily in lepidosaurs" @default.
- UBERON_0018341 UBPROP_0000008 "Most often documented in reptiles." @default.
- UBERON_0018361 UBPROP_0000008 "A well-developed suborbital shelf is apparently primitive for shark-like fishes but is variably telescoped, reduced or lost in many squalomorph sharks and a few galeomorphs." @default.
- UBERON_0018367 UBPROP_0000008 "found in some birds" @default.
- UBERON_0018368 UBPROP_0000008 "found in some birds" @default.
- UBERON_0018377 UBPROP_0000008 "A wisdom tooth is in humans any of the usually four third molars, including mandibular third molar and maxillary third molar. Wisdom teeth usually appear between the ages of 17 and 25. Most adults have four wisdom teeth, but it is possible to have morebin which case they are called supernumerary teethbor fewerba condition called hypodontia. Wisdom teeth commonly affect other teeth as they develop, becoming impacted or 'coming in sideways'. They are often extracted when this occurs." @default.
- UBERON_0018415 UBPROP_0000008 "There are usually two Foramina ethmoidalia present on each side in the dog. Sometimes one is situated rostral to the other, but often it is dorsal. They are not homologous with the Foramen ethmoidale anterius and Foramen ethmoidale posterius of man. Therefore they are not listed separately.[NOMINA ANATOMICA VETERINARIA (2005)]" @default.
- UBERON_0019202 UBPROP_0000008 "Rarely absent in humans" @default.
- UBERON_0019325 UBPROP_0000008 "more than 10% of rat exorbital gland appears to be composed of harderian gland-like cells by 22 months of age (Coujard 1974; Sashima et al. 1989).[PMID:7559104]" @default.
- UBERON_0019326 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans the lacrimal gland consists of two contiguous lobes [ISBN:0123813611]" @default.
- UBERON_0022282 UBPROP_0000008 "in amphibians, chiefly seromucoid with some lipids[PMID:7559104]" @default.
- UBERON_0022282 UBPROP_0000008 "in birds, mucoid and lipid[PMID:7559104]" @default.
- UBERON_0022282 UBPROP_0000008 "in mammals, predominantly lipid; mucoid secretion restricted to extraglandular duct tissue[PMID:7559104]" @default.
- UBERON_0022282 UBPROP_0000008 "in the armadillo and opossum, mucous or serous acini may be present[PMID:7559104]" @default.
- UBERON_0022284 UBPROP_0000008 "in mouse, the primary bud arises around E13.5 and extends caudally into the surrounding neural-crest derived periocular mesenchyme; between E15.5 and E16.5 the bud undergoes branching morphogenesis, forming both a major extra-orbital lobe and a minor intraorbital lobe" @default.
- UBERON_0022286 UBPROP_0000008 "mostly mucuous in pig[ISBN:1118473523]" @default.
- UBERON_0022286 UBPROP_0000008 "seromucuous in cattle, cat and dog, elephant [ISBN:1118473523]" @default.
- UBERON_0022286 UBPROP_0000008 "serous in horse [ISBN:1118473523]" @default.
- UBERON_0034670 UBPROP_0000008 "In the mouse, Fungiform and palatal taste buds are innervated by the geniculate ganglion cells of the facial nerve[DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5142-05.2006]" @default.
- UBERON_0034673 UBPROP_0000008 "All authors regard it as occupying the caudal third of the amygdala, which abuts the hippocampal formation. In the human ( Mai-1997 ) and the macaque ( Amaral-1992 ) it is located close to the medial surface of the temporal lobe; it is bounded internally by the posterior cortical amygdalar nucleus and the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. In the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and mouse ( Hof-2000 ) it is bounded largely by the posterior cortical amygdalar nucleus and the accessory basal nucleus (known as the basomedial nucleus of the amygdala in rodents); the stria terminalis separates it from the ventricle. According to some authors the amygdalohippocampal area extends anteriorly to occupy the caudal half of the amygdala. These authors divide the area into two or three parts, which in the human ( Olmos-2004 ), the rat ( Paxinos-2009b ), and the mouse ( Franklin-2008 ) are named on the basis of location: anterolateral, posterolateral and posteromedial parts. In the macaque ( Paxinos-2009a ) the rostral portion of the area is divided into two parts on the basis of cellular morphology: magnocellular and parvicellular parts. Some authors refer to the area in rodents as the 'posterior amygdalar nucleus' ( Swanson-2004; Hof-2000 ).[neuronames:2028]" @default.
- UBERON_0034765 UBPROP_0000008 "in humans this area is normally hairless" @default.
- UBERON_0034877 UBPROP_0000008 "day 18 [CS08] in human[https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Intermediate_-_Primordial_Heart_Tube]" @default.
- UBERON_0034900 UBPROP_0000008 "A posterior extension of the premaxilla that lies along the palatine and fuses to some extent with it. In the Passeres it may be fused, unfused, free or a lateral flange. Evolved multiple times in Passerines [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/29066]" @default.
- UBERON_0034934 UBPROP_0000008 "in humans, the ducts of posterior superficial lingual glands open into the crypts of lingual tonsils; mucous supplied by these glands may help to cleanse the crypts and aid in deglutition" @default.
- UBERON_0034937 UBPROP_0000008 "Haikouella possessed a small number of pharyngeal bars that may have been composed of mucocartilage, as in modern lampreys (Holland and Chen, 2001). the pharyngeal bars of Haikouella were probably derived from neural crest, as were the sensory components of the cranial nerves that innervated its pharyngeal muscles[http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/743.full]" @default.
- UBERON_0034950 UBPROP_0000008 "The anuran lymphatic system consists of extensive subcutaneous and intrapleuroperitoneal sacs separated by connective tissue walls and interconnected by one-way valves [DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2013]" @default.
- UBERON_0034961 UBPROP_0000008 "Avian embryos have a pair of lymph hearts that return lymph in ovo from the extraembryonic membranes (120). These hearts partially degenerate after hatching (9)[DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2013]" @default.
- UBERON_0034962 UBPROP_0000008 "Flightless ratite birds apparently use a lymphatic pressure mechanism, rather than a blood vascular mechanism, for penile erection[DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2013]" @default.
- UBERON_0035081 UBPROP_0000008 "In alligators, originates from tail base and inserts on 4th trochanter of femur[ISBN:0521629217]" @default.
- UBERON_0035081 UBPROP_0000008 "In anolis, this muscle originates via fleshy fibers from the bases of the chevron bones and the ventral aspects of the transverse processes of Ca3-8 It is composed of two heads (ventral and dorsal) that are fused for most of their length and give rise to a common tendon. The common tendon divides to give rise to: (1) a broad and stout tendon that inserts onto the cranial aspect of the proximal one-fifth of the femur, and (2) a thin tendon that inserts onto the knee joint capsule, between the proximal aspects of the two bellies of m. gastrocnemius and the right and left femoral condyles[PMID:22753107]" @default.
- UBERON_0035081 UBPROP_0000008 "primary extensor of the hip joint in lizards[PMID:22753107]" @default.
- UBERON_0035082 UBPROP_0000008 "In Anolis, This muscle mostly originates via fleshy fibers from the ventrolateral aspect of the ilium and the ventral aspect of the transverse processes of Ca1-8 (note: the origin from Ca1 is tendinous). The fibers of m. ischiocaudalis join those of m. cocygeus inferior in the ventral midline at the level of Ca3-4 (in females) and Ca5-6 (in males)[PMID:22753107]" @default.
- UBERON_0035088 UBPROP_0000008 "Interestingly, zones of cartilage or connective tissue do not demarcate the fracture planes in A. carolinensis, as seen in other lizard taxa (Cox, 1969a; Hoffstetter and Gasc, 1969)[PMID:22753107]" @default.
- UBERON_0035088 UBPROP_0000008 "Many authors (e.g., Holder, 1960; Mufti and Hafiz, 1972; Bellairs and Bryant, 1985; Russell and Bauer, 1992) have referred to the more proximal caudal vertebrae that lack fracture planes as 'pygal vertebrae' and the more distal caudal vertebrae that possess fracture planes as 'postpygal vertebrae' However, many lizard taxa lack fracture planes in their caudal vertebrae altogether, making this classification difficult to apply in these cases (Etheridge, 1967; Bellairs and Bryant, 1985). Furthermore, in some species (including A. carolinensis) the most distal of the transverse process-bearing vertebrae may possess fracture planes and should technically be called postpygal vertebrae, despite the fact that they more closely resemble the more proximal, non-fracture plane-bearing vertebrae in overall morphology (Cox, 1969a)[PMID:22753107]" @default.
- UBERON_0035097 UBPROP_0000008 "In anolis, This muscle lies deep to the m. extensor caudae medialis and originates via fleshy fibers from the iliac crest (Fig. 3A,B). It inserts via fleshy fibers onto the horizontal intramuscular septum as well as the chevron bones and dorsal aspect of the transverse processes of Ca3-6 or 7. The fibers of m. iliocaudalis are noticeably bipennate[PMID:22753107]" @default.
- UBERON_0035258 UBPROP_0000008 "In humans, the mons pubis divides into the labia majora on either side of the furrow, known as the cleft of venus, that surrounds the labia minora, clitoris, vaginal opening, and other structures of the vulval vestibule. The fatty tissue of the mons veneris is sensitive to estrogen, causing a distinct mound to form with the onset of puberty. This pushes the forward portion of the labia majora out and away from the pubic bone" @default.
- UBERON_0035561 UBPROP_0000008 "in some mammals this is found in a cartilaginous state, and articulates with the lateral border of the carpus." @default.
- UBERON_0035564 UBPROP_0000008 "in reedfishes and sturgeons this is the only nucleus in the superficial pretectal zone[ISBN:0471888893]" @default.
- UBERON_0035566 UBPROP_0000008 "Lateral to the posterior commissure in Squalimorphi due to lateral movements of neurons during pretectal development[ISBN:0471888893]" @default.