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- B59bceb692d28cecb4ce19cc42430c29c NCIT_P378 "NCI" @default.
- B59bceb692d28cecb4ce19cc42430c29c type Axiom @default.
- B59bceb692d28cecb4ce19cc42430c29c annotatedProperty IAO_0000115 @default.
- B59bceb692d28cecb4ce19cc42430c29c annotatedSource NCIT_C29251 @default.
- B59bceb692d28cecb4ce19cc42430c29c annotatedTarget "The hydrochloride salt of the biguanide metformin with antihyperglycemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Metformin inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby increasing the cellular AMP to ATP ratio and leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and regulating AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes. This eventually prevents hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation and ultimately leads to a decrease in glucose levels. Metformin may exert antineoplastic effects through AMPK-mediated or AMPK-independent inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is up-regulated in many cancer tissues. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression which is mediated through the suppression of transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation." @default.