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- 406f06ac-bcdd-4795-812f-19a1765b0e07 definition "Short Title: ICOL Proposal URL: http://classic.ipy.org/development/eoi/proposal-details.php?id=276 Last decades saw the important changes in Arctic archaeology witnessing new significant discoveries of surprisingly early sites located at Northwestern Europe and East Siberia. The new data led to the radical revision of traditional views on the initial human dispersal and adaptations in High Latitudes. The schemes presented and repeated in manuals and textbooks are essential wrong and outdated. In spite of the unprecedented scale of field activity in different portions of this vast area, the projects are conducted by the individual and occasionally isolated regional research groups. It hampers the co-operation of scholars and coordination between field and laboratory research. To address these challenges during the International Polar Year, we have developed a new research programme known as ICOL - the Initial Human Colonization of Arctic in Changing Palaeoenvironments. Only by integrating results from archaeological and palaeoenvironmental studies will it be possible to develop a comprehensive understanding of Early Man dispersal and adaptations in extremely harsh conditions of Arctic and Subarctic. The territory of the Northern Eurasia is of prime importance for the comparative study of early human dispersal and adaptations. The glacial activity during the Late Pleistocene in this part of world was restricted (comparing with northern part of North America and some portions of the Southern Hemisphere occupied by giant glacial sheets) and vast areas allowed the rapid human dispersal. Moreover, this territory played a key role in human colonization of the Western Hemisphere via Beringia. The comprehensive studies of man-land relationships in the Upper Paleolithic will be carried out in several regions of the Eastern portion of the European Russia, the territories lying near the Ural Mountains and the Pechora River basin (Byzovaya, Garchi, Zaozerye and Mamontova Kurya), as well as in Eastern Siberia (the Yana RHS site). The study of the Early Man in the New World is of particular interest connected with the complicated history of the Bering Land Bridge. In this connection the study of the muliticomponent site of Broken Mammoth (interior Alaska) is of crucial importance. The study of late human penetration to High Latitudes in Holocene during the Ocean transgression is of no less importance. In this connection the Mesolithic and Neolithic sites located at the northern most part of Kola Peninsular, Novosibisk Islands (the Zhokhov Island site), Chukotka (the Tytyl and Elgygtgyn lake sites), and coastal north Greenland (Kap Ole Cheiwitz, Kolnaes) will be main targets of research. The study of hunter-gatherers subsistence and adaptations will be supplemented by palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, including the studies of glacial activity, permafrost, vegetation and fauna. The starting points of migrated populations, possible migration routes and time will be defined. The chronological framework of the project will embrace different epochs from the Eemian Interglacial (phase 5e) to the Holocene." @default.
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