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- W1000773755 abstract "Stem cell biology, construed in its broadest sense, has forced Medicine to view development and disease, and subsequent potential therapies, from an entirely different perspective (1–3). We have learned that there is a n inborn lasticity anThe Burnham Institute,,La Jolla,CAd flexibility “programmed” into the organism and its organ systems (1). The repository of this plasticity is thought to be the stem cell—the most primordial cell in the body and in any given structure. Nearly two decades ago, investigators began to identify cells with surprising plasticity and a propensity for dynamically shifting their fates within cultures obtained from developing and mature organs (1). The existence of such cells challenged the prevailing dogma that organs were rigidly and immutably constructed. Stem cells, as these plastic cells came to be termed, began to garner the interest of the developmental community, as well as that of the repair, gene therapy, and transplant communities. This interest arose when it was recognized that stem cells could be expanded in number and reimplanted into organs, where they would reintegrate appropriately and seamlessly, shift their fate in response to local cues to compensate for the absence of cells, express new genes, and in some cases, help promote functional improvement in disease models (4–13)( Fig. 1). Exploiting the power of a cell that presumably had a pivotal role in development for repair purposes is somewhat analogous to rebooting a computer or reseeding a lawn. Optimizing these natural processes is the primary focus of today’s regenerative medicine. There have been a wide range of compelling studies conducted in animal models using various stem cells, including models of aging, spinal cord injury, stroke, parkinsonism, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cancer, multiple sclerosis, blood diseases, immunodeficiencies, enzyme deficiencies, myocardial infarcts, and diabetes. This chapter outlines investigations that are capturing the most attention and considers the current state of scientific understanding and controversy regarding the properties of embryonic and neural stem cells. Its objective is to provide a framework to appreciate the medical promise of this research and also to describe the challenges of translating fundamental stem cell biology into novel clinical therapies." @default.
- W1000773755 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1000773755 date "2007-11-08" @default.
- W1000773755 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W1000773755 title "Current Views of the Embryonic and Neural Stem Cell" @default.
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- W1000773755 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-147-5_1" @default.
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