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• W1005666054 abstract "Diabetes is a major cause of death and is the leading cause of blindness. A major effort is being made to improve better regulation of blood glucose. This chapter discusses an alternative hypothesis that the effects of insulin upon biophysical processes—such as available free energy, electrochemical potential differences, and especially intracellular pH—are more relevant than plasma glucose to the action of insulin and especially to the pathophysiology of diabetes. Insulin, upon ion transport, increases pHi in amphibian tissue. In addition, in frog skeletal muscle and oocytes, insulin stimulates the Na–H exchange system in plasma membrane. The stimulation of glycolysis by insulin is due to activation of phosphofructokinase (PFK) by an increase in pHi consequent to stimulation by insulin of Na–H exchange at the plasma membrane. In frog skeletal muscle, the acute effect of insulin upon glycolysis is mediated by an increase in pHi secondary to activation of Na–H exchange. The rise in pHi resulting from insulin stimulation of Na–H exchange is part of intracellular signal for several effects of this hormone. Although, insulin stimulates both the Na+–K+ pump and Na–H exchange independently, the consequences produced by the stimulation of either transport system feeds back on the other. The chapter presents a model of ionic part of mechanism of insulin action. In this model, the entire cell is the transducing system for insulin with the main energy, and information, transduction processes occurring at the plasma membrane. Finally, the clinical implications of the insulin action are described." @default.
• W1005666054 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1005666054 creator A5074418085 @default.
• W1005666054 date "1986-01-01" @default.
• W1005666054 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W1005666054 title "Chapter 15 The Role of Intracellular pH in Insulin Action and in Diabetes Mellitus" @default.
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• W1005666054 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0070-2161(08)60737-6" @default.
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