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- W1010263305 abstract "In the early 1990’s, when patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in several large cities began dying with multidrugresistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, there was considerable alarm and uncertainty [1,2]. The sudden and seemingly simultaneous appearance of many MDR strains raised the terrifying possibility that there was a single mechanism or mutation, perhaps carried on a plasmid or transposable element, that could confer resistance to several drugs and be transferred horizontally from strain to strain, as occurs in other bacteria [3,4]. Fears of “Andromeda-strain” scenarios receded after studies of MDR strains demonstrated that no single resistance mechanism was responsible. Rather, MDR strains were found to develop through the sequential occurrence of separate mutations, each conferring resistance to a single drug or class of drugs [5,6]. Finding the mutations that cause resistance to each of the antituberculosis drugs was a major focus of research in the 1990’s. The task was fairly straightforward for drugs that are also used against other pathogens, such as rifampicin (RIF), streptomycin (SM) and the fluoroquinolones (FQs), because the mechanisms were similar to those described in other bacteria. The real challenge was discovering the mutations that confer resistance to drugs that are specific for mycobacteria—isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA) and ethambutol (EMB)—whose mechanisms of action were poorly understood. The study of the genes and mutations that cause resistance has not only unravelled the mechanisms of action of these antibiotics, but has also expanded our knowledge of the basic biology of the mycobacteria.KeywordsAntimicrob AgentMycolic AcidrpoB GeneMycobacterium SmegmatisTuberculosis IsolateThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves." @default.
- W1010263305 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1010263305 creator A5088770754 @default.
- W1010263305 date "2000-01-01" @default.
- W1010263305 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W1010263305 title "The molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis" @default.
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