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• W101500052 abstract "INTRODUCTIONObesity continues to increase rapidly in the United States (Kopelman, 2000; Kroger, Bowles, Jones, Ainsworth, & Kohl, 2006). The prevalence of obesity in the United States has increased significantly in recent years, and this trend may have far-reaching consequences as obesity plays an important role in the development of a variety of diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke (Hux, Bica, Flintoff, & Ivis, 2000; Ogden, Carroll, McDowell & Flegal, 2007). To alter this trend, strategies and programs for weight maintenance as well as weight reduction and health promotion must become a higher public health priority. By the beginning of the 21st century, estimates suggested that obesity related morbidity be classified as a public health crisis and a global epidemic with 10% of the world's children with excess body fat and more than 30% of children in the United States classified as overweight (Eberling, Pavlak, & Ludwig, 2002; Koplan, Liverman, & Kraack, 2005; Lobstein, Baur, & Uauy, 2004; World Health Organization (WHO, 2000).The term obesity describes the excess storage of body fat, whereas overweight is simply an excess of body weight relative to height (Wang & Lobstein, 2006). In practice, however, these two conditions are most often treated as stages in a continuum of weight to height relationship. Overweight is regarded as having a body mass index (BMI) of 27 or greater. BMI is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. Obesity is classified as BMI greater than or equal to 30kg/m2 (Gregg, Cheng, Cadwell, Imperatore, Williams & Flegal, 2005; Wang & Lobstein, 2006). Fortunately, there is increasing evidence that the risk factors can be reversed. Weight loss has been reported to improve blood pressure, lipid levels, and glucose tolerance among overweight persons with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes (Ballard & Alesi, 2006; Must, Jacques, & Dallai, 1992). Weight loss has also been found to reduce medication requirements among persons with diabetes and hypertension. While weight loss yields enormous benefits, recidivism is very high. Two thirds of the weight that is lost by people who complete weight loss programs is regained within one year, and about all of it is regained within 5 years (Daniels, Arnett, Eckel, Gidding, Hayman, & Kumanyika, 2005; Power, Lake, & Cole, 1997).The Mississippi obesity rate of 24.3% in 2000 was the highest rate of obesity in the U.S., according to the CDC, (2005). This represented a 55% increase in the number of obese individuals in Mississippi from the BRFSS 1991 which was reported to be 15.7%. Mississippi has ranked in the top 3 among the states with the highest rate of obesity for the past 10 years (Mokhad, Serdula, & Dietz, 1999; Penman, & Johnson, 2005). According to the CDC (2005), Mississippi has been classified as the most obese state in America since 2004 and has more than 30% adults who are obese, mainly attributed to eating habits, poverty, and having demographic groups with higher rates of obesity (Strobbe, 2008).The CDC has identified six priority health risk behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of death, disability, and social problems in the United States (Mississippi Department of Education, 2008). These behaviors, often established during childhood and early adolescence, includes: a) tobacco use; b) unhealthy dietary behaviors; c) inadequate physical activity; d) alcohol and other drug use; e) sexual behaviors that may result in HIV infection, other sexually transmitted diseases, and unintended pregnancies; and f) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence .The Mississippi Health Policy Research Center reported in 2004 that prevalence rates obtained through direct measurement of students' heights and weights were greater than self-reported survey data obtained through the surveys such as the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). …" @default.
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• W101500052 date "2012-04-01" @default.
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• W101500052 title "School-Based Intervention Targeting Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease among African-American Students" @default.
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