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- W1015205596 abstract "Publisher SummaryThis chapter includes pathogenetic role and methods for detecting autoantibodies to red cells. Autoantibodies to red cells are termed warm autoantibodies, cold agglutinins (CAs), and Donath-Landsteiner (DL)-antibodies that cause autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Binding of the autoantibodies to red blood cells (RBCs) initiates complement activation via the classical pathway by binding of Clq to the fragment crystallizable region of the RBC membrane-bound antibody with consecutive activation of the complement cascade. The RBC destruction by CAs and by DL antibodies that causes paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) is exclusively mediated by complement activation. The isotypes of RBC autoantibodies and the antigens they recognize are well known, and the mechanisms of RBC destruction induced by binding of the antibodies to RBCs are identified. Based on the monoclonality of CAs, structural analysis of the variable regions of CA heavy and light chains, and of the epitopes recognized by CAs have been performed–– proving CAs to be an excellent model of autoimmune disease in man. Clinical observations in CA disease document an association between infectious agents and CA specificities that indicates the agents are responsible for the specificity and the production of these autoantibodies." @default.
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- W1015205596 date "1996-01-01" @default.
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- W1015205596 title "Red Cell Autoantibodies" @default.
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- W1015205596 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-044482383-0/50103-5" @default.
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