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- W1024418619 abstract "In the archaic world picture, the earth is flat and usually conceived of as a round disk. First of all, it is important to bear in mind that almost all the Presocratics, of which we have reports about what they are supposed to have said about the shape of the earth, believed that the earth is flat. It is reported by several sources that according to Anaxagoras, the earth is flat (πλατeῖα) (DK 59A1(8), DK 59A42(3), DK 59A47, and DK 59A87). Archelaos is said to have conceived of the earth as somewhat concave in the middle (μέσον δὲ κοίλην), but generally speaking he too may be considered to have conceived of the earth as flat (DK 60A4(4)). The ambiguous word στϱογγύλος in the doxographical report on Diogenes’ earth can here only mean circular, not spherical (DK 64A1). The earth is said to be drum-shaped (τυμπανοeιδῆ) according to Leucippus, and the surface of the earth is said to be disk-shaped (δισκοeιδῆ μὲν τῷ πλάτeι) and concave in the middle (κοίλην δὲ τῷ μέσῳ) according to Democritus and Anaxagoras (DK 67A1(30), DK 67A26 and DK 68A94). The concavity of Democritus’ earth does not prevent Aristotle from calling it flat (πλατeῖα) (On the Heavens 294b15 = DK 59A88). Elsewhere, however, Democritus’ earth is said to be oblong (ἡμιόλος) (DK 68B15). Diels’ translation “nicht rund, sondern langlich” is tendentious because the words “nicht rund, sondern” are not in the Greek text. As will be explained in Chap. 6, and drawn in Figs. 6.1 and 6.2, I hold this rectangle to be the shape of the οἰκουμένη on an otherwise disk-shaped and flat earth.1 That Empedocles too conceived of the earth as flat may be concluded from a doxographical report, in which the earth is called “circular” (κυκλοτeϱής) (DK 31A56). Guthrie rightly remarks: “The word is κυκλοτeϱής, not the ambiguous στϱογγύλος” (1965: 192 n. 4). Against this simple evidence, Burkert’s argument that the idea (in DK 31A56) that the sun is the earth’s reflection implies the sphericity of the earth is not very convincing (1972: 305 n. 30)." @default.
- W1024418619 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1024418619 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W1024418619 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1024418619 title "The Shape of the Earth According to Thales" @default.
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- W1024418619 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8116-5_4" @default.
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