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- W1032567029 abstract "A strategy for the use of the mussel Mytilus edulis planulatusin assessing heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) levels in open marine watersis suggested. Metal accumulation by mussels was linear, in laboratoryexperiments and the rate was directly proportional to the externalconcentration. Depuration was minimal, and dependent on tissue concentration.Physiological and environmental factors were observed toinfluence accumulation rate. Smaller sized mussels accumulated metalat greater rates, while rates were higher at low water temperatures.Mussels collected from populations in areas where metal levels werehigh had lower rates of accumulation than mussels from more pristineareas. Rate of accumulation was shown to be a sensitive index ofexternal metal concentration if the influence of external factors wasminimized or eliminated.When metals were presented singly, the mussel accumulated zincand lead in direct proportion to exposure time, while this was not thecase for cadmium and copper. Under combined exposure to all four metals,cadmium and lead accumulation was proportional to exposure time, whilezinc and copper accumulation was not. This apparent interaction betweenmetals during simultaneous exposure was shown to be between cadmium,copper and zinc. In general, cadmium accumulation was decreased inthe presence of the other metals, while that of copper and zinc was increased.Previous exposure to either the same or another metal had noinfluence on the subsequent accumulation of cadmium, lead or zinc.Copper accumulation was markedly increased in mussels initially exposedfor 20 days to either cadmium or zinc. The fact that these interactionsoccurred predominantly at high external concentrations (e.g. Cd>10 µg l-1,Cu>10 µg l-1, Zn>100µg l-1 ) suggests that they would not seriouslyinterfere with the monitoring strategy. In the light of experimental results, a mechanism for accumulationof each metal by M. e. planulatus is proposed. Cadmium andcopper appear to share a similar carrier-assisted uptake mechanism,while zinc and lead appear to diffuse across membranes passively.The method of storage of lead within cells appears to be distinct fromthat of the other three metals.Cadmium, lead and zinc were found to be taken up at both thegills and digestive tissue, and were generally evenly distributedthroughout the mussel body, but with high concentrations in the kidney.Zinc levels were also high in the muscle and byssus/foot tissues.Copper, on the other hand, was taken up only at the gills and storedin the foot and digestive tissue (liver). The byssal threads appearto be a major excretory system for copper, and may also be importantfor the other three metals as well.Field trials of the proposed monitoring techniques, involvingcage suspension of organisms, revealed that the mussel provides a verysensitive and time-integrated assessment of the biologically availablemetals in seawater. Biomonitoring using mussels would be less costlyand labour intensive than conventional techniques currently availablefor measuring metal levels in seawater." @default.
- W1032567029 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1032567029 date "1982-01-01" @default.
- W1032567029 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W1032567029 title "Biomonitoring of heavy metals in seawater" @default.
- W1032567029 hasPublicationYear "1982" @default.
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