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- W103610497 abstract "(ricevuto il 21 Febbraio 1997; revisionato il 28 Luglio 1997; approvato il 18 Agosto 1997) Summary. — It is shown that variations in carbon monoxide concentrations can be evaluated by measuring environmental noise, wind velocity and vertical thermal stability. The results can be justified on the basis of the theory of the street canyon effect. The methodology proposed was verified in two Italian cities with different characteristics: Milan and Ravenna. PACS 92.60 ‐ Air quality and air pollution. Processes of urbanisation produce drastic modifications in the atmosphere and terrain, bringing about the transformation of radiative and thermal properties and in the features of aerodynamics and humidity. For example, building materials increase the thermal capacity of the system and cause the surface to become more impermeable. The geometry of buildings produce multireflectivity which leads to an entrapment of solar radiation. The heat and water generated by human activity combine with natural sources of heat and water of the urban system, with the result that, during daytime, the urban area absorbs more heat than the surrounding area and therefore, at night, especially in conditions of weak wind, the city air is warmer than that in the surrounding rural suburbs. The physical structure of the city also exerts a strong influence on the wind field whose speed is generally reduced due to the friction with the surfaces (urban buildings oppose a greater resistance to the wind flux compared to those in rural areas), while the street system forces its direction. Up to now, considerable difficulties have been encountered in describing pollutant dispersion in urban atmospheres by means of mathematical models. The basic reason lies in the complexity of topography in the urban environment, comprising streets lined with buildings, squares where several streets meet, green areas, large-scale trunk roads and areas of dense traffic. To this, we must add any natural complexities in cases where towns are located in the hills, mountains or along the coast." @default.
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- W103610497 date "1998-03-01" @default.
- W103610497 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W103610497 title "Carbon monoxide concentrations evaluated by traffic noise data in urban areas" @default.
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