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- W1036203322 abstract "This thesis includes studies on: 1) characteristics ofstreptomycete isolates from common scab lesions of potatoes collectedfrom across the Tasmanian potato cropping region; 2) scabconduciveness of soils from that region and ; 3) effects of green manureson common scab of potato.Most of 94 streptomycete isolates fitted into four groups basedon morphological and physiological characteristics. Groups were:Streptomyces scabies (25 stains); S. violaceusniger (11);Streptosporangium spp. (3); and strains resembling Streptornyceshalstedii (29). Some of the remaining 26 ungrouped strains resembledS. scabies. Most S. scabies strains could grow at pH 4.5.Pathogenicity of strains was evaluated in four ways. In apotato disk assay, all S. violaceusniger strains, S. scabies referencepathogen strain #32 and five S. scabies-like ungrouped strains showedclear signs of pathogenicity. Media from oatmeal-broth (OMB) culturesof S. scabies and S. violaceusniger strains inhibited radish seedlinggrowth, while S. violaceusniger strains 54/3 and 75/1-1 killed seedlings.Surface necrosis occurred within 24 hours of dipping potato minitubersin media from OMB cultures of S. violaceusniger. Three S. scabiesstrains (including #32) also produced darkening of lenticels, indicatingnecrotising potential. S. violaceusniger strains produced nigericin whilestrains 54/3 and 75/1-1 also produced geldanamycin, probablyaccounting for their virulence in pathogenicity assays. Thaxtomin Aproduction by strain #32 was also confirmed.Scab conduciveness of 36 Tasmanian potato cropping soilswas compared in a glasshouse trial. Linear regressions showed noassociation between scab severity and any of 12 individual soil chemicalproperties. However, scab was much less likely below a threshold pH orwhen the concentration of exchangeable cations Ca', Mg' and K+(considered together as milliequivalents) were below a threshold value.In glasshouse studies, green manures did not increase scabbingand in one pot trial a broad-bean manure reduced scab severity. Green manures were associated with increased cellulase activity and electricalconductivity (EC) of soil in the absence of added fertiliser plus, in sometrials, increased tuber yields. Added streptomycete antagonists did notnoticeably effect scab severity.In field trials at two sites, lupin or ryegrass green manures didnot effect scab severity, while increased scab with an oat manure at onesite was associated with increased soil EC. Increased scab with a canolagreen manure, evaluated at only one site, was associated with reducedsoil microbial activity as assessed by FDA hydrolysis. At field sites,green manures did not affect tuber yield, soil cellulase activity or pH." @default.
- W1036203322 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1036203322 date "2000-01-01" @default.
- W1036203322 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1036203322 title "Studies on Common Scab of Potato" @default.
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