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• W104120420 abstract "ABSTRACT. Do consonants and vowels differ in their influence on lexical access to spoken words.? Van Ooijen (1996) introduced a new task, the word reconstruction task, for exploring this question. Participants are presented a spoken non-word that can be altered to a word by changing either one vowel or one consonant. Van Ooijen found that participants made more errors in the consonant-change condition than in the vowel-change condition and were generally faster in the vowel-change condition, an effect she called VOWEL MUTABILITY. The present study replicates van Ooijen's (1996) procedure with monolingual Spanish listeners and bilingual Spanish-English listeners in an attempt to detect any differences in processing between monolingual and bilingual listeners of languages that are structurally different. The results showed a clear vowel mutability effect in both groups of listeners, suggesting that neither the size of the vowel repertoire nor the monolingual versus bilingual mode of processing are the cause of vowel mutability.* INTRODUCTION. A number of researchers have investigated the smallest discrete unit that enters into play when processing speech or recognizing spoken words. In speech comprehension, the syllable-sized unit has played a decisive role; studies have concentrated on both English (Cutler & Norris 1988, Cutler & Butterfield 1990, 1992, among others) and French (e.g. Mehler, Dommergues, Frauenfelder & Segui 1981). In addition, researchers have also taken into consideration the role of the phoneme-sized unit; evidence from studies on phonemic misperceptions (e.g. MacKay 1970, Bond & Games 1980, Games & Bond 1980, Bond 1999) and from the existence of puns and rhyming games attest to the importance of the phonemesized unit not only in speech perception but also in speech production (e.g. Fromkin 1973, 1980, Levelt 1989). Models of spoken word recognition have also incorporated the phonemic level of representation. McClelland and Elman's (1986) TRACE, Marslen-Wilson's (1987, 1990) cohort model, and Norris's (1994) SHORTLIST were among the most widely discussed of these models. When recognizing speech, in these activation-based models, listeners use a bottom-up processing system whose onset is an acoustic-phonetic representation of the input. These models, however, have failed to address important differences between types of phonemes, namely vowels and consonants, that the literature in the field has established. A number of studies have found differences between vowels and consonants in categorical perception (Studdert-Kennedy, Liberman, Harris & Cooper 1970, Liberman, Mattingly & Turvey 1972, inter alia). Other studies using various methodologies have indicated that vowels and consonants behave differently in language processing (Costa, Cutler & Sebastian-Galles 1998, Caramazza, Chialant, Capasso & Miceli 2000). Ades (1977) used a variety of tasks to show that it is more difficult to discriminate between vowels than between consonants in English. In addition, Cutler, van Ooijen, Norris and Sanchez-Casas (1996) showed that the longer a vowel's duration, the faster the vowel is detected. These researchers used a phoneme-monitoring task to demonstrate the effect. Reaction times were negatively correlated with the duration of the target vowels. This effect was not found for consonants. In this context, van Ooijen (1996) has introduced a new task, the word reconstruction task, for exploring differences in the processing of vowels and consonants. In the word reconstruction task, participants (adult native speakers of English) are presented with a non-word that can be reconstructed as a real word by changing either one consonant or one vowel. For example, the non-word teeble can be reconstructed as table by changing the vowel or as feeble by changing the first consonant. English, Spanish and Dutch listeners make many more errors in changing a consonant than in changing a vowel when reconstructing a word from a non-word (van Ooijen 1996, Cutler, Sebastian-Galles, Soler-Vilageliu & van Ooijen 2000, Marks, Moates, Bond & Stockmal 2002). …" @default.
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• W104120420 date "2002-12-01" @default.
• W104120420 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W104120420 title "Vowel Mutability: The Case of Monolingual Spanish Listeners and Bilingual Spanish-English Listeners" @default.
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