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- W1041904908 abstract "Plant temperature and water use are related because, if a plant is well watered, the stomata are open, transpirational cooling occurs, and canopy temperature is cool. Conversely, as a plant becomes water stressed, stomata close, transpiration is reduced, and canopy temperature increases. Consequently, one can use canopy temperature to characterize the water status of a crop. In the 1970s, portable, commercially available infrared thermometers that measure thermal radiation were developed and refined. They provide a means to measure remotely plant canopy temperatures, and measurements with them are easy because the instruments are hand-held and lightweight. Jackson and colleagues at the U.S. Water Conservation Laboratory in Phoenix, Arizona, did pioneering experiments with portable infrared thermometers. The chapter considers the theory and use of infrared thermometers. Infrared thermometers have the advantage of measuring many leaves at one time. Before their development, it was difficult to determine the magnitude of the temperature difference either between plants or between plants and air, because there was no way of defining the temperature of a group of leaves. A leaf with the surface normal to incident solar radiation has a higher temperature than a leaf that has a surface parallel to the sun's rays or one that is shaded. Severe sampling problems exist if one can make only a few measurements on individual leaves, such as one does when using thermocouples. And the temperature that is measured depends on the location of the thermocouple (for example, base of leaf versus tip of leaf)." @default.
- W1041904908 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1041904908 date "2005-01-01" @default.
- W1041904908 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W1041904908 title "Measurement of Canopy Temperature with Infrared Thermometers" @default.
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- W1041904908 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012409751-3/50024-4" @default.
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