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- W105087662 abstract "Since the classic studies of Pavlov, a wide variety of researchers have investigated theprocess of classical conditioning and used it to investigate animal behaviour.Recently, researchers in animal behaviour have discovered important new benefitsassociated with classical conditioning, now being applied as a way of enhancing well-being . Pavlovian conditioning occurs when an association between twostimuli, a neutral stimulus and a biologically relevant stimulus, is created by repeatedpaired presentations of both stimuli. When the presentation of the neutral stimulus isfollowed by a delay, before the biological stimulus is presented, expectation or anticipatory behaviour is generated. Anticipatory behaviour is known to elicit therelease of dopamine. As play behaviour is also known to result in the release ofdopamine, and correlates with positive welfare state, studies of the relationshipbetween anticipatory behaviour and play may generate important new insights foranimal welfare.In this study I assessed if (i) early weaning influenced the development of playfulattacks and pinning behaviour in rats and (ii) the effects of a Pavlovian conditioningparadigm on the occurrence of play in both early - and normally - weaned rats. Malepups were assigned to one of the following treatment groups: (1) an early weaned(EW) group without exposure to conditioning, (2) a normally weaned (NW) groupwithout exposure to conditioning, (3) an EW group with a conditional stimulus (CS)paired to an unconditional stimulus (US) to generate anticipatory behaviour (CS-US),(4) an EW group with CS-US unpaired, (5) an EW group with US only and (6) a NWgroup with US only. Animals in each group were observed for one hour each weekfrom 4 to 7 weeks of life to record the frequency of playful attacks and pinningbehaviour. EW pups that were not exposed to any form of conditioning had asignificant reduction in the frequency of playful attacks relative to the NW pupswithout conditioning; pinning frequencies were low, but the effect was notstatistically significant. The difference in frequencies of playful attacks between theNW group without exposure to conditioning and all the EW groups was statisticallysignificant, with the NW groups displaying the highest frequencies of playfulbehaviour; pinning changes across those same treatment groups were not significant.Interestingly, the EW group under Pavlovian conditioning had a higher meanfrequency of playful attacks and pinning behaviour relative to the EW control groups(i.e. EW with CS-US unpaired and EW with US only). Eliciting anticipatorybehaviour may explain the increased levels of play behaviour in the EW conditionedgroup. Weight increases were similar across all EW and NW groups.The results of this study are discussed in relation to the effects that early weaning hason behavioural development, the potential benefits of using anticipatory behaviour toreduce the impacts of stressful events, and its positive effects in the…" @default.
- W105087662 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W105087662 creator A5045595435 @default.
- W105087662 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W105087662 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W105087662 title "The effect of santicipatory behaviours, generated by Pavlovian conditioning, on the development of play in early and normally weaned rats." @default.
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