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- W105523064 abstract "The galanin peptide family comprises two members: galanin, a widely distributed 29- to 30-amino-acid neuropeptide discovered in 1983, and galanin-like peptide (GALP), a structurally related 60-amino-acid neuropeptide first isolated and cloned in 1999, with a more restricted distribution in mammalian brain. Three G protein–coupled receptors—GalR1, GalR2, and GalR3—bind galanin with high affinity and are expressed in brain of mammalian species, including rat, mouse, and human. Activation of these receptors by galanin and analogs activates conventional signaling cascades associated with cAMP/protein kinase-A and inositol phosphate/Ca2+/phospholipase-C/protein kinase-C; and galanin is known to affect both neuronal K+- and Ca2+-channel activity. GALP also binds to these receptors, but its preferred native receptor has not been identified. Galanin regulation of classical transmitter and neurohormone release is associated with a wide range of putative central actions, including roles in the physiology of metabolism, arousal/sleep-wake cycle, nociception, cognition, and development; and in the pathophysiology of seizures and epilepsy, chronic pain, and neural injury and repair. GALP production in the hypothalamus is strongly regulated by leptin (and insulin) and GALP interacts with other feeding-related circuits and GnRH signaling to regulate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and influence metabolism, sexual behavior, and reproduction." @default.
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- W105523064 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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- W105523064 title "Galanin and GALP Systems in Brain—Molecular Pharmacology, Anatomy, and Putative Roles in Physiology and Pathology" @default.
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- W105523064 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012369442-3/50107-0" @default.
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