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- W106863917 abstract "Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has had a major impact on cognitive science but most of the research has looked at rather simple tasks. However, a number of methodological considerations make fMRI use particularly appropriate for certain complex tasks: 1. The dependent measure, the BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) response, principally reflects a compensatory hemodynamic response to metabolic activity that is lagged in time from the actual event and is distributed over time. A typical response may reach a peak 4-5 seconds after the actual activity and be distributed over 10 seconds or more. This results in a smearing of the activity structure and a loss of temporal resolution. For a brief cognitive task there seems little hope of recovering its temporal structure and one is left to simply compare magnitudes of responses in different conditions. However, it is possible to discriminate some of the temporal structure of events that take place over many seconds. 2. Complex tasks also tend to engage different brain regions for long periods of time and differences among conditions can often be more than a second rather than effects of 100 msec or less seen in simple tasks. This produces much larger hemodynamic responses and better signal-to-noise ratios. 3. Because reliable fMRI data typically require aggregating many individual trials, there is the danger that different strategies on different trials will blur the results. However, for some complex tasks participants can be instructed on a strategy for performing the task and the time scale of the task makes it relatively easy for them to comply. These considerations imply that fMRI data are particularly appropriate for understanding long, complex tasks with large effects where participants can be instructed to do the tasks in a consistent way. These kinds of routine cognitive tasks have been the major focus of our laboratory where we have studied problems like Tower of Hanoi, algebra equation solving, and air traffic control." @default.
- W106863917 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W106863917 date "2008-01-01" @default.
- W106863917 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W106863917 title "The Image of Complexity" @default.
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