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- W109024623 abstract "Alveolar epithelial type I (AT1) cells are large, amorphous cells with elongated thin cytoplasmic processes that cover the majority of the gas exchange surface of the lung. AT1 cells are believed to be derived from AT2 cells during development and following injury. Recent studies demonstrating differentiation of AT1 cells from bone marrow-derived stem cells suggest other paradigms. Until recently, the only known function of AT1 cells was a presumptive passive role in gas exchange. Improvements in methods for isolation of AT1 cells and recent identification of genes and proteins in AT1 cells suggest additional functions in alveolar homeostasis for this previously elusive cell type, including water flux, active ion transport, cytoprotection, procoagulant and proinflammatory properties, development, remodeling, and cell proliferation. AT1 cells have extremely high water permeability due to the presence of the water channel aquaporin-5. Identification of Na channel and Na pump subunits, and amiloride-sensitive Na uptake and oubain-inhibitable Rb + uptake, confirm a role in active Na transport. AT1 cells are highly susceptible to injury, and release of AT1 cell proteins into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum may serve as an index of injury. The contributions of AT1 cell injury and repair mechanisms to pathogenesis of lung diseases are being investigated." @default.
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- W109024623 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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- W109024623 title "EPITHELIAL CELLS | Type I Cells" @default.
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- W109024623 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-370879-6/00139-3" @default.
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