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• W110481406 abstract "The doctrine about occupation adopted in the Baltic countries provides legal grounds for solving some practical as well as political and ideological problems. It justifies the discrimination of hundreds of thousands of permanent residents in these countries (bans on holding certain positions, on voting in parliamentary elections in Estonia, and even in local elections in Latvia), and raises the question about financial claims to Russia. ... The much-mooted question of is in many ways artificial and defies common sense. How can one talk about if the authorities did not infringe upon the rights of the compared with the rights of the occupiers, did not introduce any occupation on their territory, did not appoint its governor-generals (as did Germany by appointing Gauleiters to occupied territories), and did not introduce any trappings of an occupation while the decision to join the USSR was made in 1940 by lawful power bodies , the parliaments of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia elected in accordance with the laws of these countries? Incidentally, the decisions on the independence of these republics in 1991 were passed by their Supreme Soviets, i.e., organs of the occupation regime, which makes the whole discussion of the issue of a political oddity. ... Finally, how can one speak about if the consistently funnel investments into territories in order to raise the living standards of their citizens at the expense of their own people, promote national cultures there while allowing their own culture to be degraded? For example, the Latvia with a population of 2.5 million received four times more money from the Soviet budget than Voronezh Region, which had a population of 2.8 million. People in the Soviet Baltic republics did not only have higher ... R. Simonyan, D. Sc. (Sociology), professor, head of the Russian Center for Baltic Studies, RAS Institute of Sociology; T. Kochegarova, academic secretary of the Russian Center for Baltic Studies, research fellow at the RAS Institute of Sociology. The article was first published in Russian in the journal Novaya i noveyshaya istoriya, No. 3, 2009. ... incomes, but enjoyed a much more comfortable life than people in other regions of the USSR. Even ideological pressure was markedly less severe. Thus, the teaching staff at some social science departments at Tartu University included many scholars who had been expelled from other universities and research centers in the Soviet Union, most notably from Leningrad University. These countries hosted the first exhibitions of avant-garde artists in the USSR, the first jazz festivals and published translations into their local languages of many Western books banned in the USSR. Otar Ioseliani's 1979 film Pastorale, banned in the USSR, was screened many times at Riga's Cinema House and at cinemas in Tallinn and Kaunas. One can go on citing examples which show that there was no occupation regime in the Baltics and that, on the contrary, the living conditions there were the most favorable among all the Soviet republics. ... This is not surprising if we consider that priority development of the national republics and autonomies was the strategic line of the Soviet Government. Under the law on the USSR budget adopted in the first postwar decade, Russia kept to itself 50% of its revenues, Ukraine and Byelorussia, 55% each and all the other republics, 100%, not to speak of subsidies from the Center. And this was happening at a time when the donor republics which had sustained the greatest damage during the Second World War, were straggling to restore their economies. The Russians who had come to the Baltics after the war were not occupiers but builders, engineers and other specialists who contributed to the development of these countries. ... Admittedly, common sense makes the Baits aware of the absurdity of the doctrine. The phrase occupation period is widely used by politicians and the media, but only until it is tested by reality. Thus, in the autumn of 2005 on the 60th anniversary of the opening of music schools in Estonia (there were none in Estonia under capitalism) even the right-wing radical newspapers eschewed the phrase occupation period, referring to the Soviet period instead. Ditto, one may refer to the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the male choir of Estonia and the 20th anniversary of the Estonian national library, the best in the USSR at the time (it still has no peers in any post-Soviet country), and many other cultural achievements of the Soviet (not occupation!) period. None of the small peoples in present-day Europe has its own 16-volume national encyclopedia. Seven volumes of this handsome edition (using high-quality printing technologies) issued in Estonia had been printed under Soviet government. Examples showing the specious character of the definition can be multiplied." @default.
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• W110481406 date "2010-03-31" @default.
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• W110481406 title "The Events of 1939-1940 in the Baltic Countries: Public Perception" @default.
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