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• W111563112 abstract "We are measuring 36 Cl in the upper part of the 1966 Camp Century deep core, using the tandem-accelerator mass-spectrometry facility at the University of Rochester. There are two primary motivations for measuring 36 Cl in ice. The first is to look for correlations between 36 Cl concentrations and changes in solar activity. Previous studies of 10 Be and 14 C (Stuiver and Quay 1980, Raisbeck and others 1981, Beer and others 1983) have demonstrated that the production of these radio-isotopes increases during periods of low solar activity. When the sun is active, the magnetic field induced by the solar wind deflects galactic cosmic rays from the inner solar system and thereby lowers the production of radio-isotopes. Our study of 36 Cl in ice dating back to A.D. 1550, from Camp Century, Greenland, shows that there was an increase in 36 Cl production during the Maunder Minimum (1650–1715). However, climatic variations introduce fluctuations of a factor of 2 or more over short periods and the Maunder Minimum peak is only readily apparent when the data are smoothed mathematically. The second motivation for measuring 36 Cl in ice is to test the possibility that the ratio of 36 Cl to 10 Be will provide a means for dating ice over 50 000 years old (Nishiizumi and others 1983). The dependence on both solar activity and climatic fluctuations mentioned above precludes dating with a single radio-isotope. If, however, the production rates of 36 Cl and 10 Be are each proportional to the cosmic-ray flux and are transported identically to the ice sheet, these fluctuations would cancel and the ratio of 36 Cl to 10 Be would provide a radiometric means of dating very old ice. The half-lives for 36 Cl (3.0 × 10 5 years) and 10 Be (1.6 × 10 6 years), combine to give a “half-life” for the 36 Cl/ 10 Be ratio of 3.7 × 10 5 years. Unfortunately, preliminary results from Camp Century, Greenland, show that it will almost certainly not be possible to use the 10 Be/ 36 Cl ratio for dating. 10 Be and 36 Cl have been measured in more than 20 samples; the 10 Be/ 36 Cl ratio varied, without any obvious pattern, from below 5 to over 15. Additional evidence comes from Antarctica. We found that the 10 Be/ 36 Cl ratio changed significantly within a short depth interval within a single block of ice and that the calculated age of ice based on 10 Be/ 36 Cl differed from the age of an embedded meteorite, ALHA82102 (personal communication from K. Nishiizumi). A variation in the 10 Be/ 36 Cl ratio may be caused by climatic effects: for example, changes in air circulation between the stratosphere and the troposphere in the polar region, in combination with chemical processes that affect aerosol chlorine and beryllium differently. Also, the 10 Be/ 36 Cl ratio is smaller than expected, indicating that there may be additional sources of 36 Cl. If there is a source of 36 Cl that varies independently from the galactic cosmic-ray flux, this would result in variations in the isotope ratio. Discovery of the cause of the variations may result in a new tool for understanding paleoclimate." @default.
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• W111563112 date "1988-01-01" @default.
• W111563112 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W111563112 title "Measurements of 36CI in Polar Ice" @default.
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• W111563112 doi "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500004481" @default.
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