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• W112389949 abstract "on the Lives oj W peace process has ,....-V.N -)train . .. ,. led to renewed in'omen ternational interwho have to manage est in the politihousebold resources. cal, economic, and social problems facing areas like West Belfast. Decades of discrimination and injustice exacerbated by 25 years of political and military conflict have been highlighted and sensationalized by the international media and in the process the everyday issues facing women living in such areas have been rendered banal and mundane. Yet, if real progress is to be made in Northern Ireland, if the much talked about economic regeneration is to have any meaningful impact on the lives of women, then the seemingly prosaic problems facing many women need to be seriously addressed. This article is an attempt to put some of these issues on tothe agenda for future action. While undoubtedly there exist clear major differences in the political aspirations of many of those living in Northern Ireland compared to the rest ofthe United Kingdom, anumber of additional economic, social, and cultural factors separate those living in Northern Ireland from the rest of the United Kingdom. For example, Northern Ireland has consistently endured the highest rate of longterm unemployment and the lowest per capita income in the United Kingdom. The region also has the highest birth rate (Compton and Coward), the poorest child care services (Hinds), the lowest divorce rate (McWilliams and McKiernan), the highest church attendance and religious observance (Cairns), and the most traditional moral codes and social norms directing sexual behaviour and birth control (Sneddon and Kremer). All these issues have a direct impact on the lives ofwomen. Over recent years, feminists have uncovered the increasing trend towards the feminization of poverty. This involves the recognition that women bear the brunt of poverty in many societies. Male unemployment and the accompanyingeconomicdeprivation puts an enormous strain on the domestic lives of women who have to manage household resources on limited means. West Belfast suffers disproportionately from high long-term male unemployment. Around 30 per cent of the economically active male population are out of employment. In some districts, this figure can reach as high as 70 per cent (Leonard 1994). Poverty and illhealth are often associated with such high rates ofunemployment. In West Belfast, 43 per cent of households do not own their own home. In some areas, 95 per cent of the population do not own their own home. Only 33 per cent of households in West Belfast are car owners. These factors indicate a significant level of deprivation. Indeed, 12 of the 16 more deprived regions in the Belfast area are located in West Belfast. Such deprivation affects the general health ofthe population of the area. Almost 14 per cent of the population in West Belfast suffer from long-term illness. Indeed, seven per cent of the workingage population are unemployed because of disability (Gaffikin and Morrissey). These adverse health outcomes have particular negative consequences for children. Along with North Belfast, West Belfast has the highest rate of infant mortality in Northern Ireland at 1 1.9 per 1,000. Furthermore, 23.1 per cent of all children suffering from long-term illness or disability live in West Belfast (Gaffikin and Morrissey). These shocking statistics are submerged in the reporting of the political conflict which has plagued Northern Ireland for the past two and a half decades. What consequences do these realities have for women who live in West Belfast? As primary caregivers of children, the sick, and the elderly, women disproportionately become involved in providing care for others inside and outside the household compared to their male counterparts. This in turn has asignificant impact on women's employment prospects compared to men. By fulfilling stereotypical gender expectations concerning who should care for others in the household and community, women weaken their already vulnerable employment . position in the labour market. There is a widespread consensus among the British and Irish governments that access to formal employment must play a key role in the economic regeneration of Northern Ireland and in particular, disadvantaged areas such as West Belfast." @default.
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• W112389949 date "1997-09-01" @default.
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• W112389949 title "Women and Work in West Belfast" @default.
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