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- W1144432276 abstract "Iron availability is one of the regulators of catalase and superoxide dismutase gene expression, and the oxidative stress-response regulators OxyR and SoxRS influence expression of the iron regulator gene fur in Escherichia coli. The discussion of three iron-regulated toxins, diphtheria toxin, Shiga toxin, and Pseudomonas exotoxin A, in this chapter illustrates the similarities and differences in the control mechanisms using bacterial toxin regulation. Pseudomonas exotoxin A has the most complex regulation of the three; regulation by an iron-binding repressor is one step in a cascade of positive and negative regulators that act in concert to control toxin expression. The functions of some of these iron-regulated promoter (irp) genes have not been determined as yet. Like for diphtheria toxin, iron was shown to be the component of media that reduced production of the S. dysenteriae Shiga toxin. The fur mutation resulted in loss of repression in high iron. Studies were done with the cloned toxin genes, and the construct lacked phage sequences that could influence regulation. Thus, the effect of iron and Fur, independent of potential prophage regulators, was determined in the studies. The S. dysenteriae Shiga toxin gene appears to have identical iron regulation as stx1. Repression of toxin synthesis by iron is observed in a number of unrelated pathogens. In each case, an iron-binding repressor protein provides the link between elevated iron levels in the environment and repression of toxin synthesis." @default.
- W1144432276 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1144432276 creator A5060659632 @default.
- W1144432276 date "2014-04-09" @default.
- W1144432276 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1144432276 title "Regulation of Bacterial Toxin Synthesis by Iron" @default.
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- W1144432276 doi "https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555817893.ch2" @default.
- W1144432276 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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