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- W11564502 abstract "Heartworm (HW) disease is a circulatory disease in dogs caused by infection with filarid worms, Dirofilaria immitis. Although it is classical and the most well-known disease in dogs, many dogs fall victim to it at present time. Many studies have been performed on the prophylaxis, diagnosis and therapy for the disease, but there have been only a few investigations on pathophysiology. In the present study, the author describes a therapy for HW disease (surgical heartworm removal with flexible alligator forceps), and its pathophysiology, especially caval syndrome(CS). 1. Therapy for HW disease: The flexible alligator forceps was developed in our laboratory in 1985. This forceps can remove HWs from the pulmonary arteries and right atrium through the jugular vein (without thoracotomy). The removal efficiencies of HW s with this forceps were above 90% both in dogs with pulmonary HW disease and those with CS. After HW removal, the clinical signs, laboratory data, cardiopul monary function values, and proliferative lesions of pulmonary arterial intima improved rapidly, indicating the efficacy of the treatment. Pulmonary arterial pressure fell immediately after HW removal, and elevated immediately after HW insertion. There fore, the presence of HWs in the pulmonary arteries contributed to pulmonary hypertension in HW disease. Moreover, most dogs having an ominous prognosis after HW removal had a severe pulmonary thromboembolism involving dead HW s. Pulmon ary thromboembolism with dead HWs related most significantly with pulmonary hyper tension. The treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism might be the most important remaining issue to be addressed, and treatment producing obstructive pulmonary arterial lesions with dead HWs, such as adulticidal treatment, might possibly be avoided. 2. The pathophysiology of HW caval syndrome (mechanism of HW migration from the pulmonary arteries to the right atrium): Dogs with HW -CS suddenly show signs such as prostration, anemia, caval murmur, jugular pulsation, circulatory disturbance, liver and renal failure and hemoglobinuria. Dogs die acutely, if they cannot receive adequate treatment. The migration of adult HW s from the pulmonary artery towards the right atrium is the beginning of this syndrome. However, the inducer of HW migration has been unknown. We found HW migration in microfilaremic HW-infected dogs after administration of milbemycin D, an HW prophylactic having a microfilaricidal" @default.
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- W11564502 date "1997-02-28" @default.
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- W11564502 title "HEARTWORM DISEASE IN DOGS: ITS THERAPY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY" @default.
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