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• W1168753685 abstract "Persistent systemic inflammatory response syndrome is a serious health condition that maylead to multiple organ dysfunction, organ failure, and ultimately death. It leads to bothacute inflammation, caused by either infective (microbes or lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) ornon-infective (chemicals) sources, and sepsis, an infection caused by a lethal dose of LPS(endotoxemia). These conditions have similar inflammatory mediators such as cytokines,nitric oxide (NO), high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1),suggesting that they may result from similar pathogenic mechanisms. Previous studies haveinvestigated the applications of natural products in targeting these inflammatory mediators.Honey, for example, is used to treat inflammation and heal wounds. Gelam honey is mostcommonly in Malaysia. The floral source of Gelam honey is Melaleuca cajuputi Powell,traditional Melaleuca cajuputi Powell has been used to treat many diseases and it hasmedicinal antiseptic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anodyne properties. However, itis currently unknown whether Gelam honey has a protective effect against systemicinflammatory response during acute inflammation and sepsis. We first investigated theeffects of honey, honey methanol extract (HME), and honey ethyl acetate extract (HEAE)on acute inflammation, using animal models. These products inhibited edema and pain, incorrelation with their potent inhibitory activities against NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)in all models. Phenolic compounds have been implicated in these inhibitory activities. Wealso evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of Gelam honey extracts using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography–massspectrometry (LC-MS). Subsequently, HME and HEAE were tested in vitro for their effecton NO production in stimulated macrophages, as well as for their effects on tumor necrosisiiifactor-α (TNF-α) cytotoxicity in L929 cells. These extracts protected cells against TNFcytotoxicity and inhibited NO production, with HEAE exhibiting greater activity.Moreover, we investigated the effect of the intravenous injection of honey in rats with LPSinducedendotoxemia. We found that cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10), HMGB1, andNO levels decreased, and HO-1 levels increased significantly in the honey-treated groups.We also found that Gelam honey protects organs from lethal doses of LPS, as evidenced byimproved blood parameters, reduced neutrophil infiltration, and decreased myeloperoxidaseactivity, as well as reduced mortality in honey-treated groups compared with untreatedgroups. We also examined the ability of Gelam honey to scavenge peroxynitrite duringimmune responses mounted by the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Significantly,improved viability of LPS/IFN-γ-treated RAW 264.7 cells and significant inhibition of NOproduction were observed, similar to those observed with an inhibitor of inducible NOS. Inaddition, Gelam honey inhibited peroxynitrite production from the synthetic substrate SIN-1 as well as peroxynitrite synthesis in LPS-treated rats (endotoxemia). Thus, by suppressingthe production of cytotoxic molecules such as NO and peroxynitrite, honey may attenuatethe inflammatory responses that lead to cell damage and, potentially, to cell death. Theresults therefore suggest that honey has therapeutic uses for a wide range of inflammatorydisorders." @default.
• W1168753685 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1168753685 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W1168753685 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1168753685 title "The role of gelam honey in modulating the immune response of sepsis in animal model / Mustafa Kassim" @default.
• W1168753685 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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