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• W118037579 abstract "In 1980, David D. Burn's popular self-help book Feeling Good: New Mood Therapy appeared. Burns, an M.D., wanted to make therapy user friendly for the lay person. I believe that he has accomplished his objective. In addition, I regard Feeling Good as one of the most valuable books I have ever read. I have purchased and given away more than dozen copies of this book to friends and relatives, including my son, who used it successfully to bring himself back from the brink of suicidal depression. Interestingly, both therapy and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy share significant formulational underpinnings with the insights presented in Korzybski's non-Aristotelian revision. This leads one to suspect that Korzybski's methodology probably abounds in procedures congruent with therapy. Dr. Burns states that, The first principle of therapy is that all your moods are created by your cognitions or A cognition refers to the way you look at things - what you say about something or someone to yourself. (Burns, 1980, p.11) In general semantics terms, we cannot elementalistically separate moods, thoughts, and perceptions, for they become interconnected in one continuous evaluational process, which also includes feeling, thinking, responding, reinforcing, etc., within physico-chemical medium - us. Cognitive therapists, including David Burns, have concluded that unsane behavior and much mental illness stems from misevaluational patterns which Burns calls cognitive distortions, or twisted thoughts. Burns insisted that emotional turmoil (misevaluations) nearly always contain gross distortions of some perceptions, etc. After years of research at the University of Pennsylvania, working closely with Aaron Beck, Burns has carefully distilled Ten distortions that form the basis of all your depressions. (Burns, 1980, p.31) When I first examined this list back in 1981, I felt delighted that these distortions and their associated antidotes showed much affinity to the misevaluational patterns frequently noted in the general semantics literature, including the problem of two-valued orientations, confusion concerning observation and inference, etc., and in general pervasive failure to apply the Korzybskian extensional devices (see Note 1) and the post-Korzybskian device of E-Prime (see Note 2). In this article I will summarize Burns' descriptions of distortions and his remedies, connecting them to patterns of misevaluations and the appropriate extensional devices. 1. first distortion treated by Burns consists of what he calls All-or-Nothing Thinking. He claims that such dichotomous thinking forces the formulator to look at situations, etc., in absolute black or white categories. In the parlance of Korzybskian methodology, we have referred to this misevaluational pattern as reflecting two-valued orientation, often called either-or evaluating. For example, if I believe that everyone must like me, or else I'm total failure, I exhibit such two-valued orientation. But the world does not conveniently break into neat dichotomies of failure/success, bad/good, stupid/smart, etc. No one receives approbation and admiration from everybody. As remedy we can apply the extensional device called the index, which can encourage one to think in terms of degrees, rather than either-or. Kenneth Keyes has referred to this corrective as up to point. It also allows multi-valued rather than sterile two-valued orientation. S.I. Hayakawa suggested that we metaphorically use the steering wheel rather than the paddle to guide our evaluations. 2. Burns referred to the second distortion as Overgeneralization, or the practice of viewing a single negative event as never-ending pattern of defeat (Burns, 1980, p.40). Students of general semantics have referred to this misevaluational pattern as allness or an allness orientation, also known as frozen evaluation, failure to date, indiscrimination, or failure to index. …" @default.
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• W118037579 date "1997-06-22" @default.
• W118037579 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W118037579 title "General Semantics Formulations in David Burns' Feeling Good" @default.
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