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- W118050902 abstract "At one atmosphere pressure, the yield of oil from the Kentucky oil shales is significantly improved, beyond Fischer assay values, by pyrolysis techniques that employ rapid heating. Rapid pyrolysis also proves advantageous in terms of throughput. Physical properties of the eastern shales, as well as particle size, define practical limitations to heating rates that can be realized. The average thermal diffusivity, a physical property of particular importance, has been determined as a function of effective temperature over the temperature range of oil evolution for pulverized shale. Kinetic considerations have also been evaluated. The upper temperature of the retort and its design will markedly influence yield when heating rate surpasses certain limitations imposed by heat transfer and kinetics. Experimental studies using a cylindrical batch retort (bench scale) and analytical-pyrolysis (pyrolysis/gas chromatography) methods were used to test the importance of factors that affect oil yield. The dependence of the temperature differential within the retort on heating rate has been determined. The balance between yield increases due to rapid pyrolysis and yield decreases due to coking and cracking which can occur at hot zones that go with a large temperature differential is discussed. The information obtained can be useful for developing ambient pressuremore » retorts that maximize the yield of shale oil from eastern shales.« less" @default.
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- W118050902 date "1983-04-01" @default.
- W118050902 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W118050902 title "One means of increasing oil yields includes fluidized bed retorting" @default.
- W118050902 hasPublicationYear "1983" @default.
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