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• W1199674285 abstract "COMMENTS IN SUPPORT OF AZANIA* : DIVESTITURE OF PUBLIC PENSION FUNDS AS ONE ANSWER TO UNITED STATES PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA This paper is submitted in memory of organizers Stephan Bantu Biko, medical student and founder of the Black Consciousness Movement of South Africa, who was bludgeoned to death while held in detention in 1977; to Man- gliso Robert Sobukwe, university lecturer, philosopher, attorney at law, and co-founder of the Pan-Africanist Congress of Azania, who was slow-poisoned to death while held in detention in 1978; and to Nelson Mandela, attorney at law and President of the African National Congress of South Africa, who has been imprisoned from 1964 to the present. The purpose of this paper is to meet and challenge the premises, analyses, and conclusions of a recent law review publication' which argues for increased United States investment in South Africa, and which suggests that the rate and significance of reforms in South Africa merit international support for the apartheid regime. The analysis of that work attempts to determine whether divestment, as a methodology, is capable of actually influencing social change away from facism 2 in terms that are a good result for United States foreign policy. Author John Chettle explains that the intended scope of his article is to deal with matters of policy involving the United States and South Africa, as they touch on the subject of corporate divestment. It will seek to determine what is happening in South Africa and how important U.S. investment there is. It will discuss who in South Africa is in favor of divestment and whether it would alleviate that country's racial situation. Finally, and perhaps most pertinently for the short term, the article will examine the possibility that divestment by universities that hold securities of corporations conducting business in South Africa violates the prudent investor rule of trust law, and violates the commerce and that divestment by state and local governments supremacy clauses of the U.S. Constitution. * Azania is a term used by Africans in South Africa as the new name of the country once independence is achieved. 1. Chettle, The Law and Policy of Divestment of South African Stock, 15 LAW & POL'Y INT'L Bus. 445 (1983). 2. W. RODNEY, How EUROPE UNDERDEVELOPED AFRICA 216, (1972): Fascism is a deformity of capitalism. It heightens the imperialist tendency towards domina- tion which is inherent in capitalism, and it safeguards the principle of private property. At the same time, fascism immeasurably strengthens the institutional racism already bred by capitalism, whether it be against Jews (as in Hitler's case) or against African peoples (as in the ideology of Portugal's Salazar and the leaders of South Africa). Fascism reverses the political gains of the bourgeois democratic system such as free elections, equality before the law, parliaments, etc., and it also extols authoritarianism and the reactionary union of the church with the state. In Portugal and Spain, it was the Catholic Church-in South Africa, it was Dutch Reformed Church. 3. Chettle, supra note 1, at 448." @default.
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• W1199674285 title "In Support of Azania: Divestiture of Public Pension Funds as One Answer to United States Private Investment in South Africa" @default.
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