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• W1214989515 abstract "Cannibal Talk: The Man-Eating Myth and Human Sacrifice in South Seas. By Gananath Obeyesekere. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. Pp. xx + 320, preface, photographs, illustrations, notes, index. $21.95 paper) Gananath Obeyesekere is best known for discussing perspectives of the Other in social sciences today, and his work invites controversy. In The Apotheosis of Captain Cook (1997 [1992]), he challenged common academic belief that Captain Cook was killed in Hawaii because natives considered him a god. The god-assertion appeared to Obeyesekere a myth-making function of Westerners, here British, as a means of validating their feelings of superiority over people they would soon be colonizing. Some other anthropologists, most spectacularly Marshall Sahlins, expressed strong opposition to Obeyesekere's thesis (Knauft 1993, Sahlins 1995). Now Cannibal Talk picks up where Apotheosis left off, drawing from some of same resources used in earlier volume. In both, Obeyesekere employs formidable scholarship, exhaustive research, and persuasive arguments to establish his position. His weakness is simply one that comes with territory: he must rely almost exclusively on written documentation from early explorers, missionaries, settlers, and other Westerners, all of whom have built-in prejudices and limitations. Where he is able to use supposedly native documentation, it is necessarily material written down by Westerners and is typically what Westerners would record because it represents the Other as savage. Accordingly, Obeyesekere relies on narrative and cultural analyses of these primary documents to derive his insights, and he does so expertly. The author's position is that Westerners, upon first encountering Others in such places as South America, Africa, Asia, and Pacific, already assumed that these people performed savage acts. Gazing upon those Others' ungenteel bodies-tattooed, pierced, largely naked-the Westerners wedded their presuppositions of savagery with their perception that appearance of natives was savage. Since an element of Western assemblage of savage cultural traits was cannibalism, Westerners presumed cannibalism, asserted cannibalism, wrote home about it, and then published it once they returned home, thus institutionalizing their representation. Obeyesekere organizes book around case studies that focus primarily on cannibal tales originating in Polynesia, treating Cook and seamen associated with him as a single group that spread mytheme (a term author borrows, modified, from Levi-Strauss) of savage cannibalism; he deals as well with other expeditionary voyages, seamen, missionaries, and settlers. He draws his primary data from written forms-published and unpublished reports, logs, letters, studies. He then constructs his analyses with conceptual frameworks from Western literary sources such as Bible (transubstantiation and Eucharist), fairy tales, and legends (especially of vampirism); and Western customs such as drawing and quartering, showing that mytheme of cannibalism was vital and present in European culture at time of European discovery of presumed cannibals in South Seas-that in fact cannibalism mytheme lay deeply embedded in foundations of European culture. To assess narratives depicting or documenting cannibalism, Obeyesekere utilizes deconstructive-restorative analytical method, deconstructing original narratives to restore supposed original events and attitudes. Correlating outsider narratives with Western parallels containing similar motifs, Obeyesekere deftly shows a cultural predisposition of wandering Westerners toward categorizing as cannibals exotic people they encountered. …" @default.
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• W1214989515 title "Cannibal Talk: The Man-Eating Myth and Human Sacrifice in the South Seas" @default.
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