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- W123004911 abstract "Gas hydrates are medium- to high-pressure-stabilized, ice-like compounds stabilized by higher than sea level ambient pressure found in the cold, deep-ocean environment. Natural gas, primarily methane, is held within a water molecule crystal lattice and thermodynamically stabilizes the structure through hydrogen bonding. Gas is concentrated by entering a crystalline structure: from 140 to 200 volumes of gas can be concentrated in one volume of hydrate. Hydrate is thermodynamically stable in the Hydrate Stability Zone (HSZ) This zone extends downward from the sediment surface to a depth determined by the local heat flow and sedimentation rate conditions. The HSZ is thicker in deeper water where pressure is higher. The lower part of the HSZ can become solidly frozen by hydrate and can act as a gas trap. The base of the HSZ is the pressure-temperature phase boundary of the gas + water/hydrate reaction. Hydrate formation and trapping of gas as a long-term part of marine basin genesis is a first-order concentration process that can trap immense volumes of gas in marine sediment. Hydrates probably occur over broad areas of the Arctic Ocean and northern Nordic Sea. By analogy with identifications elsewhere, bathymetrically controlled shallow gas reservoirs also can be expected within 1.5 km of the sediment surface within the thicker Arctic Ocean sediments. Hydrate and trapped gas in thickly sedimented areas in the Arctic and Nordic seas have been identified locally in the west Barents Sea and northern Alaska continental margins. Analysis of sediment thickness, sediment types and sedimentation history, and heat flow suggests that widespread generation of gas has been trapped in, and possibly below impermeable hydrate, over 1.5 × 106 km2 of the Arctic and Atlantic Polar region. Hydrate can be expected to occur in sediments of most of the Canada and Wrangel basins, and in most of the continental slope and rise sediments. If hydrate is widely developed it could represent over 8 × 106 km3 of natural gas and would thus comprise one of the planet's major energy resources." @default.
- W123004911 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W123004911 date "1993-01-01" @default.
- W123004911 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W123004911 title "Natural gas hydrates: Arctic and Nordic Sea potential" @default.
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- W123004911 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-88943-0.50007-1" @default.
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