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- W1240419429 abstract "Triacylglycerol is suited to its role as the major storage fuel of mammals as it provides 225% more calories per gram than glycogen and is not hydrated. Triacylglycerol undergoes an active metabolism in hepatocytes and intestinal mucosal cells during the synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins, in mammary gland during the synthesis and secretion of milk, and in adipocytes and other cells during the metabolism of lipoproteins. This chapter provides an in-depth, focused review of the key enzymes of triacylglycerol formation in mammals. At present, the role of peroxisomes in acylglycerol formation appears to be limited to ether lipid synthesis, because other enzymes of acylglycerol formation have not been found. Peroxisomal dihydroxyacetone-P acyltransferase activity changes in response to clofibrate. Acyldihydroxyacetone-P reductase activity, the second unique enzyme activity of the dihydroxyacetone-P pathway, is located in microsomal and peroxisomal subcellular fractions. The specific activity of this enzyme is greater than that of dihydroxyacetone-P acyltransferase. This reductase utilizes NADPH in preference to NADH. The 1-acylglycerol-P acyltransferase activity of mammalian tissues is found predominantly in the microsomal subcellular fraction and its specific activity is generally higher than glycerol-P acyltransferase or diacylglycerol acyltransferase activities. The active site of this enzyme is located on the cytoplasmic surface of microsomal vesicles. Phosphatidic acid exists at a branch point in acylglycerol formation. Unlike other enzymes of triacylglycerol formation, phosphatidic acid phosphatase exists in both soluble and membrane-bound forms. Phosphatidic acid phosphatase has been found in microsomal, mitochondrial, lysosomal, and plasma membrane fractions." @default.
- W1240419429 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1240419429 creator A5021007054 @default.
- W1240419429 creator A5031110077 @default.
- W1240419429 date "1983-01-01" @default.
- W1240419429 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W1240419429 title "3 Enzymes of Triacylglycerol Formation in Mammals" @default.
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