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- W12558187 abstract "The flexibility of the human mind is often studied using the task switching paradigm. Subjects are instructed to alternate between two or more tasks and typically perform worse on a task switch than on a repetition. Dreisbach and colleagues (Dreisbach et al., 2007; Dreisbach & Haider, 2008, 2009) investigated whether rule use is only associated with this detrimental effect – the cost of switching – or also offers benefits. They found that applying categorization rules instead of seemingly arbitrary stimulus-response mappings results in reduced susceptibility to distraction and termed this effect the shielding function of task sets. The present thesis addressed open questions regarding this shielding function. I investigated how shielding affects task-related distraction as compared to the irrelevant distracters Dreisbach and Haider had used. In addition, shielding was studied in the context of unpredictable and predictable task switching in order to further investigate its underlying mechanism. Results show that using task rules enables subjects to avoid distraction by focusing on task-related information. This was deduced from the facts that a) stimuli that fit the instructed categories were automatically categorized and b) a reduction of shielding did not result in an overall increased distractibility but led to attenuated interference by task-related distracters. Overall, shielding seems to be possible because – in contrast to arbitrary SR mappings – rules offer a single and common response-defining stimulus feature. The observed preference for such task-related information is modulated by task activation, as evidenced by a reduction of shielding on unpredictable but not on predictable task switches." @default.
- W12558187 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W12558187 creator A5058718548 @default.
- W12558187 date "2014-09-24" @default.
- W12558187 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W12558187 title "Investigations on the shielding function of task sets and its underlying mechanism" @default.
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