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- W128416475 abstract "Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) (EC 3.1.1.4) enzymes are esterolytic hydrolases which catalyze the hydrolysis of 3-sn- phosphoglycerides. They specifically hydrolyze and release fatty acids from the second position (Fig. 1). These enzymes are ubiquitos in nature, and they occur as both intracellular (cellular type or cPLA2 enzymes) and extracellular (secretory type or sPLA2) forms. In general, cPLA2 enzymes are found in small quantities , and hence their purification is relatively difficult. sPLA2 enzymes, on the other hand, are found in larger quantities in nature, and snake venoms and mammalian pancreas are particularly rich sources of these enzymes. Since purification of sPLA2 enzymes is easier, several hundreds of these enzymes play important roles in the maintenance of the cellular phospholipid pools and membrane repair through deacylation/reacylation pathways (verheij et al., 1981; Waite, 1987: Dennis et al., 1991; Kudo et al., 1993; Dennis, 1994) and biosynthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. They have crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes (Glaser et al., 1993; Dennis, 1994; Mukherjee et al, 1994). The importance of PLA2 enzymes in fertilization (Fry et al., 1992), cell proliferation (Arita et al., 1991), smooth muscle contraction (Vadas and Pruzanski, 1986; Nakajima et al 1992; Sommers et al., 1992), and hypersensitization and chronic imflammatory diseases (Vadas and Pruzanski, 1986; Vadas et al., 1993) have been recognized.KeywordsSnake VenomAristolochic AcidIntestinal Fatty Acid Binding ProteinPresynaptic SitePLA2 EnzymeThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves." @default.
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- W128416475 date "2000-01-01" @default.
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- W128416475 title "Snake Venom Phospholipase A2 Enzymes in Cell Biology" @default.
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