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• W129028078 abstract "We read all the time that some person or organization in power should be Such demands are made on the UN Secretary-General, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Board of Directors of Enron, the President of the United States, and sometimes even non-governmental organizations (NGOs) such as Greenpeace. But what does this mean in world politics, where democratic through elections is lacking and legal means of checking power wielders are fragmented and often ineffective? Can abuses of power in world politics be controlled through processes of accountability, or is accountability talk just hot air? My argument is that although accountability-based criticisms in world politics are often misplaced, is a meaningful concept. Properly applied, it can be a useful tool to limit abuses of power. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Accounting for Accountability An relationship is one in which an individual, group, or other entity demands that an agent report on his or her activities and can impose costs on the agent. In an authorized or institutionalized relationship, the requirement to report and the right to sanction are mutually accepted. Other relationships are contested: individuals, groups, or entities claim the right to hold agents accountable, but the agents do not recognize a corresponding obligation. Democratic within a constitutional system is a relationship in which power wielders are accountable to broad publics. Applied to world politics, democratic could be conceptualized as a system in which agents whose actions make a sufficiently great impact on the lives of people in other societies must report to those people and be subject to sanctions from them, according to political science professor David Held. But need not be democratic. Indeed, it can also be hierarchical, in which subordinates are accountable to superiors, or pluralistic, as in Madisonian constitutionalism. Actual systems of in constitutional democracies combine all three sources of accountability--democratic, hierarchic, and pluralistic. Moreover, internal involves arrangements within institutions to hold component entities accountable, usually because the holder is providing legitimacy or financial resources to the agent. Because providing authorization and support creates means of influence, such influence can be used to close any accountability gap that may open between normative values of internal and actual practice. In external accountability, the entity is accountable to people who are outside the entity and whose lives the entity affects. The normative question then arises: should the acting entity be accountable to all those it affects? If so, an empirical question arises: given the valid claim for accountability, is achieved or is there an gap? Rulers generally dislike being held accountable. Yet they often have reasons to submit to mechanisms. In a democratic or pluralistic system, may be essential to maintaining public confidence, and some degree of in any system may be necessary to maintain the credibility of the agent. That is, the ruler may find other dimensions of power more important than lack of accountability. Furthermore, constitutional systems may be designed to limit abuses of power without reducing the amount of influence the leaders have when action is necessary. But we can expect power holders to seek to avoid when they can do so without jeopardizing other goals. And in the absence of a constitutional system, the ability to avoid being held externally accountable can be viewed as one dimension of power. In other words, is itself a power term. To discuss is to discuss power. …" @default.
• W129028078 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W129028078 date "2005-06-22" @default.
• W129028078 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W129028078 title "Abuse of Power: Assessing Accountability in World Politics" @default.
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