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- W130507838 abstract "Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy among women of reproductive age. Despite its high prevalence, the complex underlying pathophysiology of PCOS has yet to be completely characterized. At present, PCOS is considered to be primarily attributable to excess ovarian androgen production that directly and indirectly contributes to abnormal folliculogenesis and follicular maturation arrest. Aberrant gonadotropin signaling and elevated anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) have been implicated as key factors in follicular maturation arrest in oligo-ovulatory PCOS patients, but these mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Animal models, including nonhuman primates, have yielded useful preliminary insight into the role of fetal androgen exposure in PCOS pathophysiology; however, a similar association is still lacking in human observational studies. Recent genome-wide association and microarray studies have implicated polymorphisms in genes that are part of an incredibly wide variety of cellular processes. The significance of these findings has yet to be determined. The understanding of PCOS pathophysiology is also limited by the lack of a complete understanding of normal human folliculogenesis and ovulation, most attributable to ethical and technical limitations associated with the study of early human reproduction. Furthermore, PCOS is associated with a large degree of phenotypic heterogeneity that confounds both diagnosis and attempts at standardized laboratory experiments. Moving forward, investigations will need to carefully consider differences within and between PCOS phenotypic subgroups in addition to comparing them to normal reproductive physiology. As our understanding of the central aberrations in PCOS improves, the additional effects of associated metabolic phenomena observed in PCOS such as hyperinsulinemia and obesity can be fit into place." @default.
- W130507838 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W130507838 creator A5055130061 @default.
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- W130507838 date "2014-01-01" @default.
- W130507838 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W130507838 title "Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Complex Affair Centered on Ovarian Hyperandrogenism" @default.
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- W130507838 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-386456-7.03912-5" @default.
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