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• W131113498 abstract "In this work, a multi-fluid plasma modeling framework is used to model several transient plasmas with uses in the generation and guiding of light. By using a single framework for all these application, we can make optimal use of the commonalities that exist between these plasmas, which increases the reliability and accuracy of the model while greatly reducing the development time. The plasmas that are modeled using this treatment are a waveguide for terawatt lasers, an ultrafast spark gap switch, a pulsed nozzle discharge that can emulate the conditions that exist in outer space, and an intense cascaded arc light source. One unifying characteristic of all the plasmas in this work is that they are fluids. This allows us to use integrated moments of the general particle transport equation, the Boltzmann Transport Equation, to describe the plasma. Within this common theme, there are many variations, such as plasma density, duration, chemical composition and power density. Only a flexible, extendible model that allows for large deviations of equilibrium can treat such a diverse set of plasmas. Terawatt laser waveguides are used to increase the interaction length between the laser beam and matter. These interactions lead to spectacular phenomena, such as particle acceleration with a high acceleration gradient and emission of photons in the extreme ultra-violet or soft X-ray regime. We have used the modeling framework to describe one type of waveguide, the pulsed capillary discharge waveguide, in which a dense hydrogen plasma guides the laser. The first modeling performed was on an experimental capillary discharge, to explain the physical phenomena observed and to verify the quality of the model from the match between theory and experiment. The next step was a parameter study of this waveguide, in which an empirical formula describing the laser guiding behavior was derived as a function of the control parameters. The proposal to use a waveguide with a modulated radius was investigated, which was thought to locally enhance the laser intensity. It was found that this was ineffective, and that a channel with a modulated radius is quite susceptible to wall ablation. Finally, a novel, experimental capillary with a square instead of a round cross section was modeled. These capillaries are used in accurate plasma density measurements, excellent agreement between the modeling and these measurements was found. These simulations are of great use for the interpretation of the experimental data. A terawatt laser pulse can also be used to close an electric spark gap, leading to ultrafast switching. It is experimentally found, however, that not all the voltage over this gap is switched, in particular not for lower voltages. We have modeled the spark gap analytically and numerically to explain this voltage drop, and it was found that the finite conductivity of the plasma arc that connects the electrodes is the cause. Furthermore, insight was gained in the behavior of this strongly transient plasma. Diffuse interstellar bands are absorption lines in the interstellar spectrum that are somewhat more diffuse and broad than normal absorption lines. These features have defied explanation for almost a century. Recently, a novel experimental apparatus was constructed at NASA Ames to investigate a possible cause of these bands, namely Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their cations. This apparatus, called the Pulsed Discharge Nozzle (PDN) is capable of generating excited and ionized PAHs in an environment that resembles the interstellar medium. These PAHs may subsequently be studied by spectroscopy. We have modeled this PDN, and verified that it produces a high flux of cold, metastable atoms of the noble carrier gas, which may then create the desired species by soft Penning ionization. Furthermore, very good agreement between the model and experimental results was found, and the discharge was characterized as a glow discharge. The proposal to increase the interelectrode distance in the device to enhance the yield of PAH in the desired state was investigated. It was found that this did not significantly increase the yield, and may even be counter-productive. It did, however, provide additional strong evidence that the discharge is a glow discharge. The final application of the modeling framework treated in thiswork is the modeling of a cascaded arc light source. This light source is an intense source of short-ranged radiation, with peak emission in the blue and near ultra-violet part of the spectrum. The novel feature of this arc is a geometric pinching of the arc channel, that leads to a strong local enhancement of the dissipation and the light output. Amodel of this plasma was made to investigate the operation of the arc, in terms of light output and plasma properties. The model was found to match the experimental trend extremely well. As essentially the same model is used for the pulsed capillary discharge waveguide and the spark gap, this finding supports the results obtained for these applications as well." @default.
• W131113498 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W131113498 creator A5056469104 @default.
• W131113498 date "2006-01-01" @default.
• W131113498 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W131113498 title "Multi-fluid modeling of transient plasmas : a case study in the generation and guiding of light" @default.
• W131113498 doi "https://doi.org/10.6100/ir610194" @default.
• W131113498 hasPublicationYear "2006" @default.
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