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- W132384328 abstract "Soil organic matter (SOM) contributes significantly to many vital ecosystem processes by affecting physical, chemical and biological properties of soils. Among the many ecosystem processes, SOM contributes significantly to the retention of water and nutrients, maintenance and functioning of soil biodiversity and cycling of nutrients and organic C. SOM is primarily a store of soil organic C (SOC) and plant nutrients and can therefore be considered as a suitable surrogate of fertility for many soils. SOC occurs in many different forms in a soil and any change in its amount is the consequence of a balance between inputs and outputs of organic matter. A continuous increase in SOC is expected when the decomposition (output) pattern of the litter fall is impeded. This may occur due to a change in the type of litter fall (an increase in the proportion of more woody litter than leafy type) or to a change in its chemical composition (e.g. high C/N ratio) or a change in environmental and microbial factors (e.g. changes in the soil temperature and moisture conditions due to management practices or changes in the microbial activity due to population changes) (Schulze et al. 2000). A number of theories have been postulated on the changes in SOC in forest ecosystems, which may occur during the development of a stand. Covington (1981) suggested that C in soils would undergo a decrease during the initial phases of stand development after clearfelling, which is then followed by a phase of C accumulation and finally reaching a phase in old growth stands of no further change. A decrease in soil C after clearfelling may, however, occur depending upon the type of the stand and status of stand structure and the amount of woody debris. For example, a breakdown of the stand structure will lead to a decrease in soil C in mature stands. The ‘no change’ or quasi-steady state situation will occur when the input of C balances the output despite further changes in stand growth. Berg and Matzner (1997) have described that various phases of decomposition are affected differently by climatic factors and N levels in the system. For example, an increase in the N concentration of the litterfall from conifer stands will decrease the total amount of litterfall decomposed probably due to chemical changes in the lignin fraction in the presence of high N." @default.
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- W132384328 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W132384328 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
- W132384328 title "Changes in C and N Contents of Soils Under Beech Forests over a Period of 35 Years" @default.
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- W132384328 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/b82392_5" @default.
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