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• W133179985 abstract "Objective: The intent of this study was to examine low income Head Start overweight and obese preschoolers, ages 3-5, in 8 western Ohio counties. Variables of interest included: obesity status, rural versus metropolitan location, home versus center-based Head Start, and access to physicians. Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from the host Head Start site located in Piqua, Ohio. All Head Start enrolled preschoolers (N=1,181) ages 3 to 5 within the 8 western Ohio counties and 43 programs were studied. All children were considered of low income based on their acceptance into the Head Start program. The data was retrieved from an internal software program that housed all self-reported Head Start enrollment information. Data retrieved from the software included, age, height, weight, body mass index, gender, and home versus center-based care. Classifications on metropolitan versus rural counties were retrieved from the Office of Management and Budget. Assess to physicians referred to the Ohio Department of Health’s socioeconomic profiles identifying the number of physicians per 10,000 by county. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using Excel, and statistical analysis was conducted using SAS. Results: Total subjects were 1,181 within 43 Head Start programs in 8 western Ohio counties. Rural locations accounted for 674 subjects within 6 counties, and metropolitan locations accounted for 507 subjects within 2 counties. The prevalence of Head Start preschool obesity ( 95 as overweight rather than obese. For this paper, current CDC definitions are used and the terms overweight and obese refer to anything greater than or equal to the 85 percentile, unless otherwise noted (See Table 1). 6 PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AMONG HEAD START Table 1: CDC Classification for BMI percentiles for children 2-19 years of age Title Classification Criteria Underweight <5 percentile Healthy Weight 5-84 percentile Overweight 85-94 percentile Obese Greater than or equal to 95 percentile Source: cdc.gov/healthyweight Childhood obesity in rural locations may be more difficult to identify and treat due to large service areas with limited access to healthcare. As of 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) identifies 17% of its population as rural (Fact Sheet, 2011). In Ohio, a larger population (19%) lives in rural locations (Fact Sheet, 2011). Based on assumption and using US Census 2000 (www.census.gov) an estimated 116,000 rural preschoolers may have limited access to physician driven messages on weight control. Treatment of childhood obesity is especially challenging with limited access to primary care. The US Health Resources Service Administration identified 113 Ohio areas as medically underserved. Although most underserved areas appeared to be sections of cities the data also revealed seven rural Ohio counties and two metro Ohio counties as having severe shortages in primary care (datawarehouse.hrsa.gov). Head Start (HS) is a national early childhood education program serving preschoolers of low socioeconomic status (SES) in rural and metropolitan locations. Head Start aims at promoting school readiness by offering education, health, nutrition and social services to children and their families. Obesity risk factors including SES, home environment, community, work, and genetics (CDC, 2009) are routinely found among HS 7 PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AMONG HEAD START preschoolers. Since HS services many high risk preschoolers, understanding preschooler obesity among this population can be insightful. In April 2009, a study revealed 18.4% of US children 4-years-old were obese, a rate higher than all other previous studies (Anderson & Whitaker, 2009), yet HS preschoolers are said to have almost double (32%) obesity prevalence (Hernandez, Uphold, Graham, & Singer, 1998). By 2009, two studies on the prevalence of obesity among Head Start preschoolers confirmed that over 33% of the children were overweight or obese (Hudson, Cherry, Ratcliffe, & McClellan, 2009; Harbaugh, Bounds, Kolbo, Molaison, & Zhang, 2009). 8 PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AMONG HEAD START Statement of Purpose The purpose of this project is to study the obesity prevalence among preschoolers of low SES enrolled in western Ohio’s HS programs. Results will provide insight on the prevalence of preschool obesity within the home and child care environments throughout rural and metropolitan western Ohio. This study will also enhance the limited research available on the prevalence of obesity among low SES, Head Start preschoolers." @default.
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• W133179985 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W133179985 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W133179985 title "Prevalence of Obesity Among Head Start Preschoolers in Western Ohio" @default.
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