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• W13358825 abstract "The Waterford Institute is a nonprofit organization that was founded 20 years ago in New York City with the mission of using new technologies to help educate the most disadvantaged students - those in the U.S. during the remainder of this century and those in the developing nations during the next century. The trustees believe that the combination of microcomputers, laser storage techniques, and emerging communication and fiber optic networks afford undreamed-of opportunities to improve education. The Institute moved to Utah in 1977 and opened its research school, the Waterford School, in suburban Salt Lake City in 1986. The Waterford School is not targeted toward disadvantaged students but is a self-sustaining private school that charges tuition. It is located on 45 acres and will enroll some 900 students (from preschool through high school) in the fall of 1996. Except for the strong focus on technology, the school looks like a normal independent school. As a research school, it serves as an alpha development and test site for new software, which is subsequently given a beta test in inner-city and rural schools. After the feedback from the beta sites, the software and curriculum materials are revised and marketed. The research conducted by the Institute is funded by a combination of foundation grants and royalty payments from software development. The Institute budget for the coming year will be approximately $4 million. A description of the cycle of development for a particular program should help clarify the Institute's mission. In 1989 civic leaders invited the Institute to introduce the Waterford technology model into some public schools in New York City. In a four-year, $10 million project, Waterford placed two labs in 19 elementary schools in which all the children from grade 2 through grade 5 worked on technology daily. Waterford's role was to train teachers to use commercially available ILS (integrated learning system) software in state-of-the-art hardware labs. As always seems to happen, the project taught us some unexpected lessons. First, we learned that starting the program in grade 2 was too late to be effective. We discovered that, unless children were on grade level by the end of first grade, there was very little chance that they would be able to catch up - no matter how intense the remediation effort. The crux of the problem is a mathematical one: if we waited until as late as grade 2 to intervene, the at-risk children would have to learn four times faster than their usual rate in order to catch up, and that increase is probably impossible for the weakest group of learners to accomplish. We also learned that merely moving to younger children - kindergarten and first grade - was not effective with the current version of software we were testing. So, beginning in 1990, we started to develop a new generation of software for kindergarten. Following our normal procedures, we reviewed the research and discovered that, as reported by Marilyn Jager Adams in Beginning to Read (MIT Press, 1990), one reason children had trouble learning to read was that they had not received the 3,000 hours of preliteracy training from their parents that their more successful peers had. A major portion of our task was to analyze what went on in those 3,000 hours and to make sure that our software took those activities into account. By June of 1994 we had essentially completed the first round of alpha testing, and the materials were distributed to a number of public and private schools for beta testing. From June 1994 through December 1995, we made 6,500 changes based on the feedback from the beta sites. All in all, the development has taken 5 1/2 years and $8 million just for the kindergarten program, which is approximately 1.7 giga-bytes in size and includes a set of four videotapes and 52 books that are given to each child to take home as part of the program. To implement the program, three new Pentium computers are placed in each kindergarten classroom and networked to a high-speed laser printer. …" @default.
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• W13358825 date "1996-06-01" @default.
• W13358825 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W13358825 title "An Introduction to the Waterford Institute" @default.
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