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• W134814314 abstract "This paper gives an account of the relationship of the ABC and its religious broadcasters to the Christian churches, from 1932 (when the ABC began) to 1977 (marking the end of several years of public controversy about religious broadcasting in which the churches were highly vocal and active). It makes reference to radio broadcasting only. The paper concludes with an appraisal from the perspective of today. THE ABC CHARTER The ABC, (1) from its inception in 1932, has always accepted that its Charter to provide 'adequate and comprehensive' broadcasting demanded a regular schedule of religious broadcasts. (2) A re-worded Charter in 1983 included new directives to be 'innovative' and 'to reflect the cultural diversity of the Australian community' but otherwise did little more than make explicit what the ABC had always understood its purposes to be. (3) Indeed, the ABC's statements of philosophy and purpose have stayed remarkably consistent over the decades. Four strong themes recur. The first is concerned with notions of independence, impartiality, neutrality and balance. The second is the aspiration to be an agent and focus of national identity and unity. Thirdly, the ABC set as a goal the development of Australian content in programmes to encourage the creativity of Australians and also to promote national self-esteem and bring Australia's voice to the world. Finally, the ABC understood its role to be that of educating and elevating Australian society. (4) In contrast to commercial broadcasters, then, religious broadcasting has never been explicitly demanded of the ABC; the foundations for it lay implicit in the words 'adequate and comprehensive programmes'. And, whereas commercial broadcasters relied on religious organisations to provide the material for them to put to air, the ABC, while collaborating with others, insisted on editorial authority over its programmes to ensure their compatibility with its Charter obligations and philosophy. CHRISTIAN BROADCASTING 1933-61 According to the census records in 1933, 86.4 per cent of the population declared themselves Christian; in 1961 the proportion was 88.3 per cent. Thirteen per cent in 1933 and 10 per cent in 1961 did not answer the question. An unknown number of these would also have been Christian, as members of some small Protestant denominations conscientiously objected to this intrusion of the State into the religious domain. The consistency in these figures over thirty years hides some significant changes that took place within the Christian community. By 1961, 17 per cent of the people were born overseas. The years after the Second World War marked the beginning of increasing cultural and religious diversification in Australian society through immigration. In consequence, Australia became home to more varieties of Orthodox Christians; and Catholics and Lutherans increased in number while there was a decline in the Anglican, Methodist and Presbyterian churches. (5) Those who claimed to follow other religions increased by 20 per cent over the same period, but were still only .06 per cent of the population, the largest number of these being Jews. In the 1930s, Australia was markedly sectarian. Ian Breward believes that the experience of war 'underlined that denominational barriers had little social utility when life and death were involved'. (6) There was a burgeoning of ecumenical thought and action after the war. The World Council of Churches (WCC) was formally inaugurated in 1948. Already, there were WCC committees in all the States in Australia, along with vigorous student movements. The 1950s saw the inauguration of the Week of Prayer for Christian Unity and, in Australia, the Blake Prize for Religious Art. In both of these initiatives, members of the Roman Catholic Church took leading roles. The census data on religious affiliation were used by the ABC to guide and justify the balance of its programming. …" @default.
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• W134814314 date "2005-01-01" @default.
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• W134814314 title "A Critical Alliance: ABC Religious Broadcasting and the Christian Churches" @default.
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